Table 3.
Cholesterol synthesis markers, expressed in absolute concentrations as well as normalized to total cholesterol, in the normolipidemic relatives (NLR) and patients with familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCH)
| NLR | FCH | % difference FCH vs. NLR |
p value† | BMI adj. p value‡ |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sterols expressed in µmol/L | |||||
| Squalene | |||||
| Total | 1.26 (0.37) | 1.33 (0.43) | 6 | 0.078 | 0.433 |
| Men | 1.36 (0.44) | 1.31 (0.40) | −4 | 0.706 | 0.355 |
| Women | 1.17 (0.27)* | 1.35 (0.44) | 15 | 0.001 | 0.011 |
| Desmosterol | |||||
| Total | 1.6 [1.1, 2.4] | 2.1 [1.6, 3.1] | 31 | <0.001 | 0.018 |
| Men | 1.9 [1.3, 2.8] | 2.1 [1.6, 3.3] | 11 | 0.069 | 0.444 |
| Women | 1.3 [1.0, 1.9]* | 2.0 [1.5, 3.1] | 54 | <0.001 | 0.001 |
| Lathosterol | |||||
| Total | 7.4 (3.1) | 11.2 (4.0) | 51 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Men | 8.3 (3.6) | 11.9 (3.7) | 43 | <0.001 | 0.006 |
| Women | 6.6 (2.4)* | 10.7 (4.1) | 62 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Sterols expressed as 102 mmol/mol cholesterol | |||||
| Squalene/C | |||||
| Total | 26.5 (8.9) | 22.0 (7.4) | −17 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Men | 27.1 (9.6) | 21.4 (7.3) | −21 | 0.010 | 0.007 |
| Women | 25.9 (8.1) | 22.4 (7.6) | −14 | 0.050 | 0.021 |
| Desmosterol/C | |||||
| Total | 34 [24, 46] | 36 [27, 52] | 6 | 0.267 | 0.714 |
| Men | 39 [28, 54] | 34 [25, 52] | −13 | 0.821 | 0.319 |
| Women | 29 [22, 42]* | 36 [28, 53] | 24 | 0.029 | 0.290 |
| Lathosterol/C | |||||
| Total | 150 (55) | 179 (61) | 19 | <0.001 | 0.155 |
| Men | 160 (59) | 187 (64) | 17 | 0.010 | 0.369 |
| Women | 142 (49)* | 173 (59) | 22 | 0.001 | 0.098 |
*
Significantly different from men at p < 0.05 within the subgroup.
†
P values adjusted for age and family structure.