Table 1.
Demographics for Studies Reviewed
| Study | Patients | Comparison Patients | Controls | Medication | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Age | M/F | N | Age | M/F | N | Age | M/F | ||
| Executive Functioning Studies | ||||||||||
| Manoach (1999) | 12 | 42.4 (5.2) | 12/0 | 10 | 37.7 (11.0) | 10/0 | Yes | |||
| Manoach (2000) | 9 | 42.4 (7.8) | 7/2 | 9 | 38.7 (10.6) | 7/2 | Yes | |||
| Arce (2006) | 17 | 40.9 (7.5) | 13/4 | 17 | 39.8 (8) | 14/3 | Yes | |||
| Perlstein (2001) | 17 | 36.5(7.5) | 11/6 | 16 | 36.5(6.9) | 10/6 | Yes | |||
| Menon (2001) | 11 | 44.6 (4.6) | 11/0 | 13 | 42.5 (3.9) | 13/0 | Yes | |||
| Snitz (2005) | 23 | 23.0 (5.9) | 16/7 | 24 | 23.4 (4.9) | 13/11 | Never | |||
| MacDonald (2005) | 18 | 27.5 (10.2) | 13/5 | 121 | 26.5 (9.4) | 8/4 | 28 | 25.4 (7.5) | 18/10 | Never |
| MacDonald (2003) | 17 | 34.2 (7.7) | 12/5 | 17 | 33.5 (5.8) | 12/5 | Yes | |||
| Emotion Processing Studies | ||||||||||
| Hempel (2003) | 9 | 26 | 4/5 | 10 | 28 | 6/4 | Yes | |||
| Williams (2004) | 132 | 26.8 (9.1) | 8/5 | 143 | 27.8 (10.4) | 9/5 | 22 | 27.2 (8.1) | 14/8 | Yes |
| Williams (2007) | 132 | 26.9 (9.1) | 8/5 | 143 | 27.8 (10.4) | 9/5 | 13 | 25.1 (8.1) | Yes | |
| Taylor (2007) | 114 | 37.8 (10.9) | 9/2 | 125 | 40.4 (10.2) | 8/4 | 15 | 39.4 (10.1) | 10/5 | Yes |
| Gur (2002) | 14 | 28.8 (8.9) | 10/4 | 14 | 27.4 (7.3) | 10/4 | Yes | |||
| Gur (2007) | 16 | 30.1 (6.5) | 12/4 | 17 | 25.0 (3.9) | 12/5 | Yes | |||
| Russell (2006) | 72 | 42.2 (6.3) | 7/0 | 83 | 46.9 (8.4) | 7/0 | 10 | 35.6 (10.4) | 10/0 | Yes |
| Phillips (1999) | 52 | 43 | 53 | 31 | 5 | 30 | Yes | |||
| Surguladze (2006) | 15 | 43.1 (8.8) | 15/0 | 11 | 36.8 (10.6) | 11/0 | Yes | |||
| Reward and Conditioning Studies | ||||||||||
| Juckel (2006) | 10 | 26.8 (7.8) | 10/0 | 10 | 31.7 (8.4) | 10/0 | No | |||
| Jensen (2008) | 13 | 37.6 (8.5) | 10/3 | 13 | 36.5 (11.8) | 9/4 | Yes | |||
| Juckel (2006) | 106 | 31.5 (11.3) | 8/2 | 107 | 37.6 (11.3) | 6/4 | 10 | 30.6 (8.4) | 8/2 | Yes |
| Speech Processing Studies | ||||||||||
| Koeda (2006) | 14 | 31.6 (7.0) | 12/2 | 14 | 29.1 (7.8) | 10/4 | Yes | |||
| Ngan (2003) | 14 | 35.1 | 12/2 | 29 | 29.3 | 21/8 | Yes | |||
| Surguladze (2001) | 74 | 37 (11.7) | 4/3 | 75 | 34.7 (9.1) | 6/1 | 7 | 35.7 (11.2) | 5/2 | Yes |
| Allen (2007) | 108 | 34.8 (6.9) | 10/0 | 109 | 34.8 (11.4) | 10/0 | 11 | 29.2 (4.3) | 11/0 | Yes |
| Woodruff (1997) | 810 | 36 (10.3) | 8/0 | 711 | 34.6 (6.9) | 7/0 | 8 | 35.3 (6.3) | 8/0 | Yes |
| Woodruff (con’t) | 712 | 33.6 (10.2) | 7/0 | 713 | 33.6 (10.2) | 7/0 | ||||
Note: M=male; F=female; Mean and standard deviation reported where appropriate and available.
1
Patients with nonschizophrenia psychosis.
2
Patients with paranoia.
3
Patients without paranoia.
4
Patients with positive symptoms.
5
Patients without positive symptoms.
6
Patients treated with typical neuroleptics.
7
Patients treated with atypical neuroleptics.
8
Patients with auditory hallucinations.
9
Patients with no history of auditory hallucinations.
10
Patients trait-positive for auditory hallucinations.
11
Patients trait-negative for auditory hallucinations.
12
Patients state-positive for auditory hallucinations. Same patients as in footnote 13.
13
Patients state-negative for auditory hallucinations. Same patients as in footnote 12.