Table 1.
Incidence of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Adults, by Location, in Studies Spanning 1975 to 2000
| Author (Reference), Country (Area), Study Perioda | Total Rate per 100,000 per yearb (n) | Female Rate per 100,000 per yearb (n) |
|---|---|---|
| Americas | ||
| Uramoto (6), United States (MN), 1980 to 1992 | 5.6 (48) | 9.4 (42) |
| McCarty (7), United States (PA), 1985 to 1990 | 2.4 (191) | |
| African Americans 9.2 (45) | ||
| Whites 3.5 (129) | ||
| Naleway (8), United States (WI), 1991 to 2001 | 5.1 (44) | 8.2 (36) |
| Peschken (9), Canada (Manitoba), 1980 to 1996 | First Nations ∼ 3.5 (49) | — |
| Whites ∼ 1.2 (177) | ||
| Nossent (10), Curaçao 1980 to 1989 | Afro-Caribbean 4.6 (68) | 7.9 (60) |
| Vilar (11), Brazil, 2000 | 8.7 (43) | 14.1 (38) |
| Europe | ||
| Stahl-Hallengren (12,13), Sweden, 1981 to 1991 | 1981-86 4.5 (38) | 1981-86 5.4 (32) |
| 1987-91 4.5 (41) | — | |
| Voss (14), Denmark, 1980 to 1994c | 1980-84 1.0 (—) | — |
| 1985-89 1.1 (—) | — | |
| 1990-94 2.5 (—) | — | |
| Nossent (15), Norway, 1978 to 1996 | 2.9 (83) | 5.1 (73) |
| Johnson (16), United Kingdom (Birmingham), 1991 | Total 3.8 (33) | Total 6.8 (31) |
| — | Afro-Caribbean 22.8 (6) | |
| — | Asian 29.2 (8) | |
| — | Whites 4.5 (17) | |
| Hopkinson (17,18), United Kingdom (Nottingham), 1989 to 1990 | Total 4.0 (23) | Total 6.5 (19) |
| Afro-Caribbean 31.9 (3) | — | |
| Whites 3.4 (19) | — | |
| Nightingale (19), United Kingdom, 1992 to 1998 | 3.0 (390) | 5.3 (349) |
| Somers (20), United Kingdom, 1990 to 1999 | 4.7 (1638) | 7.9 (1374) |
| Gudmundsson (21), Iceland, 1975 to 1984 | 3.3 (76) | 5.8 (67) |
| López (22), Spain, 1998 to 2002 | 2.2 (116) | 3.6 (102) |
| Alamanos (23), Greece, 1982 to 2001 | 1.9 (178) | — |
| Oceania | ||
| Anstey (24), Australia, 1986 to 1990 | Aboriginal 11 (13) | — |
Abbreviations: MN = Minnesota, PA = Pennsylvania, WI = Wisconsin.
a
Nightingale (19) and Somers (20) used the United Kingdom General Practitioner Research Database; Gudmundsson (21) used hospital records, and all other studies used various type medical records for case ascertainment.
b
Age-adjusted rates provided when available; group specific estimates provided when based on 2 or more cases. —, data not reported.
c
Voss (14) included a total of 107 patients, but the number per time period was not provided.