Table 1.

Composition of the 3 experimental and the reference diets

	Diet A (Soybean meal, casein, wheat)	Diet B (Soybean meal, casein)	Diet C (Soybean meal, poultry meal)	Diet D (Altromin 1324)
Dietary ingredients, g/kg diet
Shredded summer wheat, whole graina	300		∗∗	300–600
Caseinb	125	125		−
Poultry mealc			150	+
Extracted soybean meald	50	100	100	+
Saccharosee	60	60	60
Cellulosef	35∗	50	50∗∗
Soybean oilg	40	40	40
D/L-methionineh	3	3	3
Cholin chloridei	2	2	2
Macro- and micromineral premixj	35	35	35	recommended amount
Vitamin premixk	10	10	10	recommended amount
Other dietary ingredients	0	0	∗∗	∗∗∗
Maize starch ad 1,000 gl	342	575	550
Total	1,000	1,000	1,000	1,000
Energy and nutrient contents
Metabolizable energy, kcal/kg	2,905	2,988	3,030	2,500
Crude protein, g/kg	161	156	155	190
Crude fat, g/kg	43	42	45	40
Carbohydrates, g/kg	693	673	648	∗∗∗∗
Dry matter, g/kg	892	915	903	approx. 900

The dietary ingredients are listed as grams per kilogram diet.

^aRegional provenance, Hesse, Germany.

^bMeggle, Wasserburg, Germany.

^cJosera, Kleinheubach, Germany.

^dRaiffeisen, Langgöns, Germany.

^eSüdzucker, Mannheim, Germany.

^fRettenmaier, Holzmühle, Germany.

^gHeidenreich, Mannheim, Germany.

^hDegussa, Hanau, Germany.

ⁱDSM, Sittard, Netherlands.

^jAll salts used for the macro- and microelement premix were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo., USA. The macro- and microelement premix was blended in maize starch to obtain final dietary concentrations as recommended by the NRC (1995) and contained the following compounds: 12.5 g CaCO₃ = 5.0 g Ca, 15.0 g KH₂PO₄ = 2.65 g P, 7.5 g Na₂HPO₄ = 1.63 g P, 5.0 g MgSO₄ × 7 H₂O = 500 mg Mg, 1.0 g NaCl = 0.60 g Cl, 24 mg CuSO₄ × 5 H₂O = 6 mg Cu, 175 mg FeSO₄ × 7 H₂O = 35 mg Fe, 50 mg ZnSO₄ × 7 H₂O = 10 mg Zn, 28 mg MnSO₄ × H₂O = 10 mg Mn, 7.5 mg CrCl₃ = 2.5 mg Cr, 2.2 mg NaF = 1 mg F, 0.2 mg KJ = 0.15 mg J, 0.37 mg Na₂SeO₄ = 0.15 mg Se, 1.2 mg CoSO₄ × 7 H₂O = 0.25 mg Mo, 0.5 mg Na₂MoO₄ × 2 H₂O = 0.2 mg Mo.

^kAll vitamins used for the vitamin premix were obtained from DSM. The vitamin premix was blended in maize starch to obtain final dietary concentrations as recommended by the NRC (1995) and contained the following compounds: 15,000 IU vitamin A; 1,500 IU vitamin D, 15 IU vitamin E; 1 mg vitamin K₃; 5 mg vitamin B₁; 7 mg vitamin B₂; 6 mg vitamin B₆; 0.02 mg vitamin B₁₂; 0.20 mg biotin; 15 mg niacin; 16 mg pantothenic acid.

^lRoquette, Lestrem, France.

^∗In diet A, the cellulose content was reduced, considering the fiber content of shredded wheat.

^∗∗In the variations of diet C containing 5% wheat, 10% wheat or 30% wheat, the cellulose content was successively reduced to 45, 40 and 35 g/kg, respectively. In the variations of diet C containing 5% potato, corn, carrot or apple, the cellulose content was reduced to 40 g/kg considering the natural fiber content of these products.

^∗∗∗Varying amounts of soybean meal, barley, corn, fish meal, whey and lupin meal.

^∗∗∗∗The total carbohydrate content of the Altromin diet 1324 is dependent on the complexity of the natural diet ingredients and is therefore variable. From the batches of Altromin diet 1324 used for this study the total carbohydrate content is not available.