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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Future Oncol. 2009 Nov;5(9):1477. doi: 10.2217/fon.09.110

Figure 1. Motifs and domains found within mammalian PLDs including PLD1, PLD2 and mitoPLD.

Figure 1

HKD domains are essential for catalysis. The PX and PH domains are lipid-binding domains important for the regulation of PLD localization. The loop region, which is absent in PLD2, may play a negative regulatory role for PLD activity. The PIP2-binding domain is important for PLD localization and activity. The sites of interaction of PLD1 with its regulators are also highlighted.

ARF: ADP-ribosylation factor; HKD: Histidine–lysine–aspartic acid; PH: Pleckstrin homology; PKC: Protein kinase C; PLD: Phospholipase D; PtdIns: Phosphoinositide; PX: Phox homology.