Table 3.
Unadjusted Morbidity Risk Ratios and 95% CIs household and community characteristics, and health care accessibility among Colonists (1999) and Indigenous (2001) living in the NEA
| COLONISTS | INDIGENOUS | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS | |||
| Age group | 0 – 4 vs. 40+ | 0.93 (0.75–1.15)† | 0.45 (0.37–0.56)† |
| 5 – 14 vs. 40+ | 0.62 (0.51–0.77)† | 0.40 (0.33–0.49)† | |
| 15 – 39 vs. 40+ | 0.53 (0.43–0.65)† | 0.62 (0.52–0.74)† | |
| Time | Month of data collection | 0.99 (0.93–1.05) | 0.93 (0.87–0.98)† |
| Population & Land Use | Household Population | 0.89 (0.86–0.92)† | 0.95 (0.91–0.98)† |
| Total Agricultural Land Use (ha/10) | 0.93 (0.89–1.04) | 0.95 (0.87–1.03)† | |
| Agricultural Land: HH Pop | 1.05 (1.01–1.09)† | 1.16 (1.03–1.31)† | |
| Annuals (Ha) | 0.95 (0.88–1.02)† | 0.90 (0.84–0.96)† | |
| Perennials (Ha) | 0.99 (0.96–1.03) | 1.01 (0.98–1.04) | |
| Pasture (Ha) | 0.99 (0.98–1.01)† | 1.01 (0.98–1.04) | |
| Education, Female head | Complete vs. Incomplete Primary/None | 1.18 (0.85–1.65)† | 1.09 (0.94–1.26)† |
| >Primary vs. Incomplete Primary/None | 1.04 (0.85–1.28)† | 1.17 (0.88–1.54)† | |
| Drinking Water | Sometimes vs. Never Boil | 0.96 (0.78–1.17) | 1.10 (0.96–1.26)† |
| Always vs. Never Boil | 1.00 (0.79–1.27) | 1.09 (0.93–1.27)† | |
| Collect from a well/spring vs. Other | 0.93 (0.76–1.13) | 0.96 (0.77–1.20) | |
| Sewage disposal | Forest or field vs. Other | 1.10 (0.89–1.36) | 1.14 (0.98–1.33)† |
| Pollution | Any vs. None | 1.29 (1.07–1.56)† | 1.12 (0.92–1.37)† |
| SOURCE: Air vs. (none or other) | 1.36 (1.15–1.60)† | 1.12 (0.89–1.40)† | |
| SOURCE: River vs. (none or other) | 1.29 (1.07–1.56)† | 1.08 (0.89–1.31) | |
| SOURCE: Soil vs. (none or other) | 1.19 (0.96–1.49)† | 1.19 (0.96–1.48) | |
| Years living in Amazon | 0.99 (0.98–1.00)† | 0.95 (0.83–1.07) | |
| Electricity | Electricity in HH vs. None | 0.82 (0.64–1.04)† | 0.97 (0.72–1.31) |
| HEALTH CARE ACCESS VARIABLES | |||
| Distance to Hospital/Health Center | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) | |
| Vehicle access | All year vs None | 0.80 (0.66–0.98)† | 1.01 (0.79–1.28) |
| Occasionally vs. None | 0.97 (0.69–1.38)† | ||
| Where HH gets health care | Hospital vs. Traditional Healer/Other | 0.91 (0.63–1.32) | 0.93 (0.75–1.15) |
| Health Cl. vs. Traditional Healer/Other | 1.00 (0.72–1.38) | 1.03 (0.78–1.38) | |
| Private Cl. vs. Traditional Healer/Other | 1.15 (0.78–1.72) | 1.07 (0.81–1.42) | |
| COMMUNITY VARIABLES | |||
| Trained Birth Attendant (%) | Physician or Nurse | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 1.00 (0.98–1.02) |
| Physician, Nurse or Midwife | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 1.00 (0.98–1.01) | |
| Births at a Health Ctr/Hospital (%) | 1.01 (0.99–1.00)† | 1.00 (0.98–1.02) | |
| Vaccination of 1–5 year olds | % Received any vaccine | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 1.00 (0.98–1.01) |
| % Received Measles | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.99 (0.99–1.00)† | |
| % Ill seen by a trained health practitioner | 1.00 (0.99–1.00)† | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) | |
| Where HHs go to get health care (%) | Hospital | 0.99 (0.66–1.48) | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) |
| Health Center | 0.98 (0.65–1.49) | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) | |
| Private Clinic | 1.59 (0.78–3.27)† | 1.01 (1.00–1.01)† | |
†
Tested for inclusion to the multivariate (adjusted) morbidity risk ratio model