Table 2.
Diagnostic performance of CSF tau and amyloid related biomarkers in the MCI stage of Alzheimer's disease
| Reference | Year | Design | Numbers included | AD-associated change | Diagnostic performance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Andreasen et al, 1999b) | 1999 | Mono-center longitudinal MCI-control study | 16 MCI-AD patients and 15 age-matched controls | Low CSF Aβ42, high CSF t-tau | Sensitivity 88%, specificity 80% |
| (Riemenschneider et al., 2002) | 2002 | Mono-center longitudinal MCI study | 28 MCI patients, 10 of whom developed AD | Low CSF Aβ42, high CSF t-tau | Sensitivity 90%, specificity 90% |
| (Zetterberg et al., 2003) | 2003 | Mono-center longitudinal MCI study | 53 MCI patients, 22 of whom developed AD | Low CSF Aβ42, high CSF t-tau, high CSF p-tau181 | Sensitivity 68%, specificity 97%, PPV 94%, NPV 81% |
| (Hampel et al., 2004b) | 2004 | Mono-center longitudinal MCI-AD-control study | 52 MCI patients, 93 AD patients and 10 controls | Low CSF Aβ42, high CSF t-tau | Sensitivity 59–83%, specificity 90–100% |
| (Herukka et al., 2005) | 2005 | Mono-center longitudinal MCI-control study | 78 MCI patients, 23 of whom developed AD, 46 controls | Low CSF Aβ42, high CSF t-tau, high CSF p-tau181 | Sensitivity 91%, specificity 56% |
| (Hansson et al., 2006) | 2006 | Mono-center longitudinal MCI study | 137 MCI patients, 57 of whom developed AD | Low CSF Aβ42, high CSF t-tau, high CSF p-tau181 | Sensitivity 95%, specificity 83%, PPV 81%, NPV 96% |
| (Herukka et al., 2007) | 2007 | Mono-center longitudinal MCI study | 79 MCI patients, 33 of whom developed AD, 60 controls | Low CSF Aβ42, high CSF t-tau, high CSF p-tau181 | Low levels of CSF Aβ42 predicted progression to AD |
| (Hansson et al., 2007) | 2007 | Mono-center longitudinal MCI study | 137 MCI patients, 57 of whom developed AD | Low Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio | Sensitivity 87%, specificity 78% |
| (Bouwman et al., 2007) | 2007 | Mono-center longitudinal MCI study | 59 MCI patients, 30 of whom developed AD | Low CSF Aβ42, high CSF t-tau | Patients with abnormal values at baseline had higher risk of developing AD. Sensitivity and specificity missing. |
| (Brys et al., 2007) | 2007 | Mono-center longitudinal MCI-control study | 65 MCI patients, 22 of whom developed AD, 21 controls | Low CSF Aβ42, low Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio, high CSF t-tau, high CSF p-tau231 | Sensitivity 68–86%, specificity 60–91% |
| (Mattsson et al, 2009) | 2009 | Multi-center longitudinal MCI study | 529 AD patients, 304 controls and 751 MCI patients, 271 of whom developed AD | Low CSF Aβ42, high CSF t-tau, highCSFp-taul81 | Sensitivity 83%, specificity 72%, PPV 62%, NPV 88% |
Abbreviations: AD = Alzheimer's disease; MCI = mild cognitive impairment; PPV = positive predictive value; NPV = negative predictive value.