. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Feb 1.

Published in final edited form as: Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2009 Dec 4;31(2):66. doi: 10.1016/j.tips.2009.10.010

Table 3.

Pharmacological and genetic therapeutic interventions using the Ts65Dn mouse model

Phenotypic target	Treatment	Mechanism	Outcome
Targeting HSA21q genes
Abnormal endosomes; failed NGF transport; neurodegeneration	Ts65Dn × App KO	Reduce APP to disomy	Rescued; improved; rescued	[28,29]
LTP; L/M deficit (NOR)	EGCG	Inhibitor of DYRK1A	Rescued	[31,32]
Targeting phenotypic features
Neurodegeneration	Nerve growth factor	BFCN-HP signaling	Improved	[35]
L/M deficit (MWM)	Donepezil	Inhibit AchE	Failed	[47]
Neurodegeneration; L/M deficit (water-RAM); neuroinflammation	Minocycline	Anti-inflammatory	Prevented; improved; reduced	[39]
Cerebellar granule cell deficiency	SAG 1.1	Synthetic activator of Hedgehog pathway	Rescue	[25]
L/M deficit (MWM)	Piracetam	Nootropic	Failed	[33]
Excess inhibition; LTP; L/M deficits (NOR, TM: MWM)	Pentylenetetrazole	Antagonist of GABA_A receptor	Rescued	[47;37]
Targeting pathway perturbations
Impaired adult neurogenesis	Fluoxetine	Inhibit serotonin reuptake	Rescued	[49]
L/M (CFC)	Memantine	Antagonist of NMDA receptor	Rescued	[55]
Developmental delay	NAPVSIPQ+SALLRSIPA	Neuroprotective peptides	Rescued	[59,60]
Oxidative stress; L/M (water-RAM); neurodegeneration	Vitamin E	Antioxidant	Reduced; improved; prevented	[61]
L/M deficit (MWM)	SGS-111 (piracetam analogue)	Inhibitor of oxidative damage & apoptosis	Failed	[65]

L/M: test of learning and memory.

tested on DYRK1A single gene transgenic, not on Ts65Dn [32]. SAG 1.1: N-methyl-N'-(3-(4-benzonitrile)-4-methoxybenzyl)-N'-(3-chlorobenzo[b]thiophene-2-carbonyl)-1,4-diaminocyclohexane [41].