TABLE 2.
Characteristics and cytokine expression of TB patients stratified by treatment outcome at 2 monthsa
| Characteristic | Late responders (n = 12) | Early responders (n = 20) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr)b | 63.5 (43.8, 79.5) | 50 (39.3, 74.3) | 0.255 |
| Genderd | 0.581 | ||
| Male | 10 (83.3) | 18 (90.0) | |
| Female | 2 (16.7) | 2 (10.0) | |
| Smokingd | 0.381 | ||
| Never | 8 (66.7) | 16 (80.0) | |
| Previous | 1 (8.3) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Current | 3 (25.0) | 4 (20.0) | |
| Severity of lung diseasec | 0.854 | ||
| Limited | 5 (41.7) | 9 (45.0) | |
| Extended | 7 (58.3) | 11 (55.0) | |
| Predominant lung patternc | 0.149 | ||
| Coalescent | 6 (50.0) | 15 (75.0) | |
| Disseminated | 6 (50.0) | 5 (25.0) | |
| AFB smear result before therapyc | 0.102 | ||
| Negative | 10 (83.3) | 11 (55.0) | |
| Positive | 2 (16.7) | 9 (45.0) | |
| AFB smear result after 2 mo | 0.114 | ||
| Negative | 7 (58.3) | 14 (70.0) | |
| Positive | 5 (41.7) | 6 (30.0) | |
| Sputum TB culture result after 2 mo | <0.001* | ||
| Negative | 0 (0.0) | 14 (70.0) | |
| Positive | 12 (100.0) | 6 (30.0) | |
| Cytokine concn (pg/ml) before anti-TB therapy | |||
| TNF-αb | 36.5 (33.1, 40) | 34.5 (32.7, 37.8) | 0.239 |
| IL-6b | 10.6 (9.2, 12.5) | 9.4 (9.3, 10.5) | 0.659 |
| IL-8b | 901.2 (762.8, 3,457.9) | 892.1 (827, 2,267.4) | 0.833 |
| IL-10b | 29.3 (28.2, 32.4) | 30.5 (29.8, 32.1) | 0.346 |
| IL-12b | 192.8 (189.3, 198.5) | 192.9 (188.9, 198.4) | 0.833 |
| MCP-1b | 4,470.1 (3,102.9, 6,371.6) | 3,206.6 (2,947.1, 5,134.3) | 0.136 |
| IFN-γb | 28.7 (27.2, 34.5) | 28 (27.4, 30) | 0.803 |
| IL-1βb | 31.5 (29.8, 59.7) | 30.7 (30.1, 35) | 0.578 |
| IP-10b | 236.8 (167.6, 333.5) | 189.1 (175.5, 226.1) | 0.387 |
| Cytokine concn (pg/ml) 2 mo after anti-TB therapy | |||
| TNF-αb | 41.3 (36.4, 52.5) | 30.2 (29.3, 32.6) | <0.001* |
| IL-6b | 10.3 (9.3, 12.3) | 9.4 (9.3, 10) | 0.272 |
| IL-8b | 925.4 (764.6, 1,617.7) | 737.8 (721.7, 783.2) | 0.005* |
| IL-10b | 30.4 (28.8, 33) | 35.7 (32.2, 38.4) | 0.004* |
| IL-12b | 193.5 (186.9, 201.2) | 179.5 (179.1, 184.8) | <0.001* |
| MCP-1b | 4,273.6 (2,979.5, 5,621.1) | 2,922.3 (2,809.7, 3,024.4) | 0.001* |
| IFN-γb | 28.6 (27.2, 33.1) | 25.7 (25.4, 26.2) | <0.001* |
| IL-1βb | 30.9 (30, 65.8) | 29.6 (28.9, 29.9) | <0.001* |
| IP-10b | 226.0 (167.5, 344.6) | 169.8 (167.7, 180.5) | 0.064 |
| Cytokine concn (pg/ml) 5 mo after anti-TB therapy | |||
| TNF-αb | 33.1 (30.6, 34.4) | 30.6 (29.9, 32.1) | 0.032* |
| IL-6b | 9.7 (9.2, 10) | 9.3 (9.3, 9.5) | 0.632 |
| IL-8b | 739.1 (726, 767.7) | 730.2 (718.6, 756) | 0.255 |
| IL-10b | 29.8 (28.3, 31.8) | 35.0 (32.8, 38.9) | 0.007* |
| IL-12b | 189.6 (183.7, 194.7) | 181.2 (179.7, 184.6) | <0.001* |
| MCP-1b | 2,804.0 (2,775.6, 2,862.6) | 2,791.5 (2,780.6, 2,847.1) | 0.863 |
| IFN-γb | 27.4 (25.8, 29.4) | 25.8 (25.4, 26.5) | 0.004* |
| IL-1βb | 30.1 (29, 30.5) | 29.3 (28.9, 29.9) | 0.070 |
| IP-10b | 176.5 (167.4, 188.9) | 170.0 (167.7, 174.6) | 0.209 |
a
Data are for a total of 32 patients and are presented as medians (interquartile ranges) for continuous variables and numbers of individuals (percentages) for categorical variables. AFB, acid-fast bacillus; *, significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05).
b
P values were calculated by the Mann-Whitney U test for continuous variables.
c
P values were calculated by the chi-square test for categorical variables.
d
P values were calculated by Fisher's exact test for categorical variables.