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. 2009 Dec 16;48(2):619–622. doi: 10.1128/JCM.02338-09

FIG. 2.

FIG. 2.

Phylogenetic dendrogram constructed by using the maximum-likelihood method implemented in the PHYLO_WIN program, version 2.0 (4), based on the alignment of the complete VP1 gene sequences of 21 representative Chinese CVA16 strains and other international CVA16 strains of known genotypes listed in the supplementary material. The bootstrap values from 1,000 pseudoreplicates for major lineages within the tree are shown as percentages. The prototype HEV71 strain (BrCr) was used as an outgroup. Strains indicated by filled circles (•) are CVA16 strains isolated from HFMD cases during 2007-2008. Strains indicated by a triangle (▴) are CVA16 strains isolated from HFMD cases during 1999-2005. Bootstrap values greater than 80% were considered to be statistically significant for grouping. A difference of at least 15% in the complete VP1 region of CVA16 strains was used to distinguish genotypes (13). Abbreviations of provinces of China: GS, Gansu; NM, Inner Mongolia; SD, Shandong; QH, Qinghai; BJ, Beijing; GD, Guangdong.