Table 4.
Odds of Receiving Hospice Care and Aggressive Life-Sustaining Interventions at the End of Life for High and Low Religious Coping Patients According to Patient-Rated Spiritual Support From the Medical Team (n = 325)
| Patient-Rated Spiritual Support From the Medical Team | Received Hospice Care at the End of Life |
Received Aggressive Care at the End of Life* |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjusted OR† | 95% CI | P | Adjusted OR† | 95% CI | P | |
| High religious coping patients (n = 168) | ||||||
| Spiritual needs not at all supported (n = 55) | Ref | Ref | ||||
| Spiritual needs supported to a small or moderate extent (n = 53) | 1.82 | 0.70 to 4.72 | .23 | 1.62 | 0.37 to 7.14 | .52 |
| Spiritual needs supported to a large extent or completely supported (n = 60) | 4.93 | 1.64 to 14.80 | .004 | 0.18 | 0.04 to 0.79 | .02 |
| Low religious coping patients (n = 157) | ||||||
| Spiritual needs not at all supported (n = 78) | Ref | Ref | ||||
| Spiritual needs supported to a small or moderate extent (n = 57) | 1.08 | 0.45 to 2.62 | .86 | 3.14 | 0.86 to 11.52 | .08 |
| Spiritual needs supported to a large extent or completely supported (n = 22) | 3.73 | 0.74 to 18.74 | .11 | 0.53 | 0.05 to 6.24 | .61 |
NOTE. Sample was reduced to 325 patients because of missing data. Analyses were repeated with missing data imputed to their mean values (n = 343), and the results were unchanged.
Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; Ref, reference category.
Receipt of aggressive end-of-life care was defined as any of the following in the last week of life: care in an intensive care unit, resuscitation, or ventilation.
Adjusted models controlled for race, recruitment site, religiousness, positive religious coping, religious community spiritual support, advanced care planning, end-of-life treatment preferences, end-of-life discussion, and patient–physician relationship.