Table 1.
PREP, n = 19 | Control, n = 12 | |
Age in years, M (SD) | 42.2 (14.1) | 37.6 (15.1) |
Caucasian, n (%) | 16 (84) | 9 (75) |
Male, n (%) | 12 (63) | 7 (58) |
Employed full/part time, n (%) | 8 (42) | 5 (42) |
High school education or more, n (%) | 17 (89) | 9 (75) |
Smoking history | ||
Cigarettes/day—weekday, M (SD) | 24.4 (10.2) | 22.0 (6.5) |
Cigarettes/day—weekend, M (SD) | 26.0 (11.9) | 24.3 (5.0) |
Age started smoking regularly, M (SD) | 16.0 (3.0) | 15.7 (2.3) |
No. of prior quit attempts, M (SD) | 1.5 (1.1) | 1.8 (2.9) |
Ever heard of any PREP product,a n (%) | 2 (11) | 1 (8) |
Live with a smoker, n (%) | 10 (53) | 5 (42) |
Smoking restrictions at home | ||
No smoking at all indoors, n (%) | 9 (47) | 6 (50) |
Restrictedb smoking indoors, n (%) | 3 (16) | 1 (8) |
Unrestricted smoking indoors, n (%) | 7 (37) | 5 (42) |
Usual brand of cigarettes | ||
Regular, n (%) | 14 (74) | 8 (67) |
Light, n (%) | 5 (26) | 3 (25) |
Ultra light, n (%) | 0 | 1 (8) |
Nicotine dependencec, M (SD) | ||
FTND | 5.9 (2.1) | 4.9 (2.0) |
NDSS | −0.19 (0.99) | −0.04 (0.77) |
Note. FTND = Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence; NDSS = Nicotine Dependence Syndrome Scale; PREP = potentially reduced exposure product.
Each participant was provided with a menu of PREP products available at the time of study initiation; awareness based on yes/no.
Restricted to time, place, or both.
High scores on both FTND (Heatherton et al., 1991) and NDSS (Shiffman, Waters, et al., 2004) indicate greater dependence.