Table 1.
Sample characteristics
| PREP, n = 19 | Control, n = 12 | |
| Age in years, M (SD) | 42.2 (14.1) | 37.6 (15.1) |
| Caucasian, n (%) | 16 (84) | 9 (75) |
| Male, n (%) | 12 (63) | 7 (58) |
| Employed full/part time, n (%) | 8 (42) | 5 (42) |
| High school education or more, n (%) | 17 (89) | 9 (75) |
| Smoking history | ||
| Cigarettes/day—weekday, M (SD) | 24.4 (10.2) | 22.0 (6.5) |
| Cigarettes/day—weekend, M (SD) | 26.0 (11.9) | 24.3 (5.0) |
| Age started smoking regularly, M (SD) | 16.0 (3.0) | 15.7 (2.3) |
| No. of prior quit attempts, M (SD) | 1.5 (1.1) | 1.8 (2.9) |
| Ever heard of any PREP product,a n (%) | 2 (11) | 1 (8) |
| Live with a smoker, n (%) | 10 (53) | 5 (42) |
| Smoking restrictions at home | ||
| No smoking at all indoors, n (%) | 9 (47) | 6 (50) |
| Restrictedb smoking indoors, n (%) | 3 (16) | 1 (8) |
| Unrestricted smoking indoors, n (%) | 7 (37) | 5 (42) |
| Usual brand of cigarettes | ||
| Regular, n (%) | 14 (74) | 8 (67) |
| Light, n (%) | 5 (26) | 3 (25) |
| Ultra light, n (%) | 0 | 1 (8) |
| Nicotine dependencec, M (SD) | ||
| FTND | 5.9 (2.1) | 4.9 (2.0) |
| NDSS | −0.19 (0.99) | −0.04 (0.77) |
Note. FTND = Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence; NDSS = Nicotine Dependence Syndrome Scale; PREP = potentially reduced exposure product.
a
Each participant was provided with a menu of PREP products available at the time of study initiation; awareness based on yes/no.
b
Restricted to time, place, or both.
c
High scores on both FTND (Heatherton et al., 1991) and NDSS (Shiffman, Waters, et al., 2004) indicate greater dependence.