Table 2.
Clinical characteristics and plasma glucose and insulin concentrations from oral glucose tolerance test in monozygotic and dizygotic twins. Values are mean (SD) unless stated otherwise
| Variable | Monozygotic twins (n=250) | Dizygotic twins (n=356) | Difference of mean (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No of males | 124 | 172 | ||
| Age (years) | 67.0 (4.7) | 66.3 (5.1) | 0.8 (−0.03 to 1.6) | 0.06 |
| Height (cm) | 165.6 (9.6) | 166.5 (9.1) | −0.9 (−2.4 to 0.6) | 0.26 |
| Weight (kg) | 71.6 (14.0) | 72.0 (13.5) | −0.3 (−2.6 to 1.9) | 0.77 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.0 (4.4) | 25.9 (4.3) | 0.1 (−0.6 to 0.8) | 0.72 |
| Weight to hip ratio | 0.88 (0.08) | 0.87 (0.09) | 0.009 (−0.006 to 0.02) | 0.23 |
| Plasma glucose concentration (mmol/l): | ||||
| 0 minutes | 6.1 (1.6) | 6.1 (1.7) | 0.04 (−0.23 to 0.31) | 0.78 |
| 30 minutes | 9.9 (2.4) | 9.6 (2.7) | 0.29 (−0.12 to 0.71) | 0.17 |
| 120 minutes | 8.0 (4.3) | 7.8 (4.3) | 0.19 (−0.51 to 0.89) | 0.59 |
| Area under curve* | 309.9 (175.3) | 289.4 (194.8) | 20.5 (−9.85 to 50.8) | 0.16 |
| Log of plasma insulin concentration (pmol/l): | ||||
| 0 minutes | 3.70 (0.55) | 3.65 (0.53) | 0.05 (−0.04 to 0.14) | 0.27 |
| 30 minutes | 5.57 (0.68) | 5.43 (0.66) | 0.14 (0.03 to 0.25) | <0.05 |
| 120 minutes | 5.44 (0.80) | 5.34 (0.81) | 0.10 (−0.03 to 0.23) | 0.14 |
| Area under curve* | 10.05 (0.68) | 9.89 (0.72) | 0.16 (0.04 to 0.27) | <0.01 |
*
Minutes × concentration.