Table 4.
Clinical characteristics and plasma glucose and insulin concentrations from oral glucose tolerance test in monozygotic and dizygotic twins with normal glucose tolerance and no first degree diabetic relatives. Values are mean (SD) unless stated otherwise
| Variable | Monozygotic twins (n=108) | Dizygotic twins (n=134) | Difference of mean (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No of males | 54 | 66 | ||
| Age (years) | 65.6 (5.0) | 65.0 (5.3) | 0.6 (−0.7 to 1.9) | 0.38 |
| Height (cm) | 168.1 (9.5) | 167.4 (8.6) | 0.7 (−1.6 to 3.0) | 0.55 |
| Weight (kg) | 71.3 (13.5) | 70.3 (12.3) | 1.1 (−2.2 to 4.3) | 0.53 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.2 (4.1) | 25.0 (3.4) | 0.2 (−0.7 to 1.2) | 0.67 |
| Weight to hip ratio | 0.86 (0.08) | 0.85 (0.09) | 0.01 (−0.007 to 0.036) | 0.20 |
| Plasma glucose concentration (mmol/l): | ||||
| 0 minutes | 5.6 (0.5) | 5.6 (0.5) | 0.02 (−0.11 to 0.14) | 0.77 |
| 30 minutes | 9.0 (1.5) | 8.5 (1.3) | 0.47 (0.11 to 0.83) | <0.02 |
| 120 minutes | 5.8 (1.1) | 5.8 (1.0) | −0.03 (−0.30 to 0.24) | 0.81 |
| Area under curve* | 214.4 (88.3) | 189.8 (78.4) | 24.6 (3.45 to 45.7) | <0.05 |
| Log of plasma insulin concentration (pmol/l): | ||||
| 0 minutes | 3.53 (0.51) | 3.49 (0.47) | 0.05 (−0.08 to 0.17) | 0.47 |
| 30 minutes | 5.60 (0.67) | 5.37 (0.57) | 0.23 (0.07 to 0.39) | <0.01 |
| 120 minutes | 5.03 (0.64) | 5.12 (0.72) | −0.08 (−0.26 to 0.09) | 0.34 |
| Area under curve* | 9.92 (0.60) | 9.79 (0.57) | 0.13 (−0.02 to 0.28) | 0.08 |
*
Minutes × concentration.