Skip to main content
. 2009 Sep 15;468(3):723–734. doi: 10.1007/s11999-009-1081-6

Table 1.

QUADAS criteria

Methodologic criteria Information required for “yes”
1. Was the spectrum of patients representative of the patients who will receive the test in practice? Patients with suspected scaphoid fracture were consecutively and/or prospectively recruited
2. Were selection criteria clearly described? Clear definition of suspected scaphoid fracture was provided
3. Is the reference standard likely to classify the target condition correctly? Followup image, or plus clinical examination and/or combined image, was used as reference standard, and the limit of followup was at least 6 weeks; the imaging modalities could be plain radiographs, CT, MRI, or bone scintigraphy
4. Did the whole sample or a random selection of the sample receive verification using a reference standard of diagnosis? All patients received a reference standard
5. Did patients receive the same reference standard regardless of the index test result? All patients received same reference standard
6. Was the reference standard independent of the index test? Index test results did not form part of reference standard
7. Was the execution of the index test described in sufficient detail to permit replication of the test? Clear description of test techniques and definitions of positive and negative test results were mentioned
8. Was the execution of the reference standard described in sufficient detail to permit its replication?
9. Were the index test results interpreted without knowledge of the results of the reference standard? Index test was interpreted without knowledge of reference standard results and vice versa, or test was clearly interpreted before results of other test were available
10. Were the reference standard results interpreted without knowledge of the results of the index test?
11. Were the same clinical data available when test results were interpreted as would be available when the test is used in practice? Data on patient age, gender, and presenting symptoms and physical signs were available
12. Were uninterruptible/intermediate test results reported? Results were available for all patients who entered the study
13. Were withdrawals from the study explained? Reasons why results were not available for all patients who entered the trial were reported or results were available for all patients

The QUADAS criteria were taken from Table 2 in: Whiting P, Rutjes AW, Reitsma JB, Bossuyt PM, Kleijnen J. The development of QUADAS: a tool for the quality assessment of studies of diagnostic accuracy included in systematic reviews. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2003;3:25. Available at: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2288/3/25.