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. 1999 Jul 31;319(7205):279–283. doi: 10.1136/bmj.319.7205.279

Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of patients with mechanical low back pain included in study. Values are means (standard deviations) unless stated otherwise

Variable Control group (n=98) Intervention group (n=89)
Age (years) 42.6 (8.62) 41.1 (9.21)
No (%) of women 55 (56) 51 (57)
No (%) of non-smokers 69 (70) 64 (72)
No (%) who preferred to be allocated to exercise 65 (66) 53 (60)
No (%) who had physiotherapy in past 6 months 23 (24) 18 (20)
Number of visits to general practitioner in past 6 months 2.45 (2.36) 2.22 (3.32)
Roland disability questionnaire score (0-24 points) 5.56 (3.94) 6.65 (4.02)
Aberdeen back pain scale (0-100 points) 25.52 (10.85) 27.93 (11.07)
Fear-avoidance beliefs questionnaire:
 Work (0-42 points) 13.7 (9.83)  14.7 (10.10)
 Physical activities (0-24 points) 12.7 (5.47) 13.8 (5.26)
EuroQoL health index (0–1 point) 0.73 (0.15) 0.71 (0.16)