Table 1.
Comparison of baseline characteristics
| Characteristics | No Atrial Fibrillation N=3742 |
Incident Atrial Fibrillation N=579 |
Prevalent Atrial Fibrillation N=342 |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic | ||||
| Age (years) | 75 (5.2) | 76 (5.4) | 77 (5.9) | < 0.001 |
| Male (% male) | 1494 (40%) | 277 (48%) | 174 (51%) | < 0.001 |
| African-American | 686 (18%) | 72 (12%) | 44 (13%) | < 0.001 |
| Smoking Status | ||||
| Never | 1685 (46%) | 256 (45%) | 140 (41%) | 0.099 |
| Former | 1598 (44%) | 261 (46%) | 183 (54%) | <0.001 |
| Current | 383 (10%) | 53 (9%) | 16 (5%) | 0.001 |
| Medical history | ||||
| Hypertension | 1488 (40%) | 291 (50%) | 160 (47%) | < 0.001 |
| Anti HTN meds | 1774 (47%) | 352 (61%) | 236 (69%) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes | 543 (15%) | 110 (19%) | 71 (21%) | < 0.001 |
| Prevalent CHD | 715 (19%) | 170 (29%) | 122 (36%) | < .0001 |
| Prevalent CHF | 170 (5%) | 48 (8%) | 61 (18%) | < 0.001 |
| ECG LVH | 169 (5%) | 40 (7%) | 29 (9%) | 0.001 |
| Measurements | ||||
| BMI | 27 ± 4.7 | 27 ± 5.0 | 26 ± 4.6 | 0.007 |
| LDL (mg/dL) | 129 ± 34 | 124 ± 32 | 119 ± 32 | < 0.001 |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 54 ±15 | 52 ± 14 | 51 ± 14 | < 0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) |
144 ± 59 | 144 ± 80 | 144 ± 92 | 0.999 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 3.9 ± 0.3 | 3.9 ± 0.3 | 3.9 ± 0.3 | 0.008 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 108 ± 35 | 110 ± 35 | 113 ± 40 | 0.061 |
| Fibrinogen (mg/dL) | 330 ± 68 | 329 ± 74 | 334 ± 68 | 0.501 |
| CRP (mg/dL) | 2.6 [1.2, 5.7] | 3.0 [1.3-6.7] | 3.4 [1.6-7.8] | < 0.001 |
| Renal Function | ||||
| Cystatin-C (mg/L) | 1.10 ± 0.34 | 1.16 ± 0.31 | 1.23 ± 0.41 | < 0.001 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.91 ± 0.41 | 0.94 ± 0.31 | 1.00 ± 0.35 | < 0.001 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2) |
82.6 ± 23.3 | 80.6 ± 23.7 | 76.1 ± 23.1 | < 0.001 |
| Medications | ||||
| ACE-I | 394 (11%) | 78 (14%) | 54 (16%) | 0.003 |
| Β-Blockers | 403 (11%) | 98 (17%) | 57 (17%) | 0.001 |
| Calcium channel blockers |
565 (18%) | 138 (24%) | 102 (30%) | <0.001 |
| Diuretics | 936 (25%) | 189 (33%) | 137 (40%) | <0.001 |
HTN, hypertensive; CHD, coronary heart disease; CHF, congestive heart failure; LVH, left ventricular hypertrophy; BMI, body mass index; LDL, low density lipoprotein; HDL, high density lipoprotein; CRP, C reactive protein; and eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate.