Table 4.

Placental weights, individually adjusted for sex and gestational age, by nutrient intakes in early pregnancy (n=640)

Daily intake approximate thirds	Results before adjustment for maternal characteristics			Results after adjustment for maternal height
	Geometric mean placental weight (g)*	P value for nutrient effect on placental weight*		Adjusted geometric mean expected placental weight (g)†	Expected % change in placental weight for unit change in nutrient (95% CI)†	P value for nutrient effect on placental weight†
Energy (kcal):		0.21			0.002	0.37
<1855	511			513	(–0.002 to 0.006)
1855-2204	518			518
⩾2205	530			527
Carbohydrate (g):		0.16			0.02	0.26
<233	507			509	(–0.01 to 0.05)
233-276	524			523
⩾277	527			526
Fat (g):		0.37			0.02	0.54
<75	518			520	(–0.06 to 0.11)
75-93	513			514
⩾94	526			524
Protein (g):		0.50			0.01	0.87
<66	517			520	(–0.09 to 0.11)
66-79	516			516
⩾80	525			522
Total vitamin C (mg)‡:		0.016			3.2	0.027
<55	510			510	(0.4 to 6.1)
55-97	510			511
⩾98	538			537
Total vitamin E (mg)‡:		0.022			3.8	0.038
<7	502			504	(0.2 to 7.4)
7-10.4	528			527
⩾10.5	529			528
Total folate (μg)‡§:		0.025			4.0	0.036
<222	506			508	(0.3 to 7.7)
222-299	515			513
⩾300	537			537

^*Mean values derived after individual adjustment for sex and gestational age. P values based on univariate regression of ln placental weights (individually adjusted for sex and gestational age) on nutrient intake. 

^†Mean values derived after individual adjustment for sex, gestational age, and maternal height. Regression coefficients and P values based on multiple linear regression of ln placental weights, individually adjusted for sex and gestational age, on maternal height and nutrient intake. 

^‡Nutrients ln transformed for regression analysis. 

^§One outlier excluded.