Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of the youth sample
| Variable | Total sample (n = 349) |
MACC cohort (n = 91) |
DMV cohort (n = 170) |
Convenience cohort (n = 88) |
Blood draw sample (n = 189) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % | (SE) | % | (SE) | % | (SE) | % | (SE) | % | (SE) | |
| Gender | ||||||||||
| Male | 49.0 | (2.7) | 53.8 | (5.2) | 48.2 | (3.8) | 45.4 | (5.3) | 48.7 | (3.6) |
| Age, years | Mean = 15.4 | SD = 0.1 | Mean = 15.5 | SD = 0.1 | Mean = 16.0 | SD = 0.1 | Mean = 14.1 | SD = 0.2 | Mean = 15.4 | SD = 0.1 |
| Grade level | ||||||||||
| 6th Grade | 7.7 | (1.4) | 1.1 | (1.1) | 2.3 | (1.2) | 25.0 | (4.6) | 7.9 | (2.0) |
| 7th Grade | 8.9 | (1.5) | 8.8 | (3.0) | 4.1 | (1.5) | 18.2 | (4.1) | 8.5 | (2.0) |
| 8th Grade | 13.5 | (1.8) | 11.0 | (3.3) | 10.6 | (2.4) | 21.6 | (4.4) | 14.8 | (2.6) |
| 9th Grade | 16.0 | (2.0) | 17.6 | (4.0) | 13.5 | (2.6) | 10.2 | (3.2) | 11.1 | (2.3) |
| 10th Grade | 39.5 | (2.6) | 34.1 | (5.0) | 7.6 | (2.0) | 13.6 | (3.7) | 16.9 | (2.7) |
| 11th Grade | 15.4 | (0.1) | 26.4 | (4.6) | 61.2 | (3.7) | 11.4 | (3.4) | 39.7 | (3.6) |
| School type | ||||||||||
| Public | 82.5 | (2.0) | 80.2 | (4.2) | 82.9 | (2.9) | 84.1 | (3.9) | 81.5 | (2.8) |
| Private | 14.0 | (1.9) | 19.8 | (4.2) | 11.2 | (2.4) | 13.6 | (3.7) | 15.9 | (2.7) |
| Home-schooled | 3.2 | (0.9) | 0 | 5.3 | (1.7) | 2.2 | (1.6) | 2.1 | (1.0) | |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||||||
| Hispanic origin | 2.9 | (0.9) | 5.5 | (2.4) | 1.2 | (0.8) | 3.4 | (1.9) | 3.2 | (1.3) |
| White | 93.4 | (1.3) | 92.3 | (2.8) | 92.9 | (2.0) | 95.4 | (2.2) | 92.6 | (1.9) |
| African American | 1.4 | (0.6) | 2.2 | (1.5) | 1.2 | (0.8) | 1.1 | (1.1) | 1.6 | (0.9) |
| Asian | 0.3 | (0.3) | 0 | 0.6 | (0.6) | 0 | 0.5 | (0.5) | ||
| Mixeda | 4.6 | (1.1) | 4.4 | (2.2) | 5.3 | (1.7) | 3.4 | (1.9) | 4.8 | (1.6) |
| Family structure | ||||||||||
| Mother and father together | 79.9 | (2.1) | 75.8 | (4.5) | 79.4 | (3.1) | 85.2 | (3.8) | 79.4 | (3.0) |
| Mother and father equally, but separate | 3.1 | (0.9) | 5.5 | (2.4) | 1.8 | (1.0) | 3.4 | (1.9) | 2.1 | (1.0) |
| Parent and step-parent | 3.7 | (1.0) | 1.1 | (1.1) | 5.3 | (1.7) | 3.4 | (1.9) | 4.2 | (1.5) |
| Mother mostly | 12.0 | (1.7) | 16.5 | (3.9) | 12.4 | (2.5) | 6.8 | (2.7) | 12.7 | (2.4) |
| Body composition | ||||||||||
| BMIb | Mean = 21.9 | SD = 0.2 | Mean = 21.6 | SD = 0.4 | Mean = 22.6 | SD = 0.4 | Mean = 20.7 | SD = 0.4 | Mean = 21.6 | SD = 0.3 |
| Underweightc | 1.1 | (0.6) | 1.1 | (1.1) | 1.2 | (0.9) | 1.1 | (1.1) | 1.6 | (0.9) |
| Healthy weightc | 79.1 | (2.2) | 80.2 | (4.2) | 77.1 | (3.2) | 81.8 | (4.1) | 81.5 | (2.8) |
| At risk of overweightc | 12.0 | (1.7) | 13.2 | (3.6) | 11.8 | (2.5) | 11.4 | (3.4) | 11.1 | (2.3) |
| Overweightc | 7.7 | (1.4) | 5.5 | (2.4) | 10.0 | (2.3) | 5.7 | (2.5) | 5.8 | (1.7) |
| Percent body fat | Mean = 20.3 | SD = 0.5 | Mean = 20.0 | SD = 1.0 | Mean = 21.0 | SD = 0.8 | Mean = 19.5 | SD = 0.5 | Mean = 20.2 | SD = 0.7 |
a
More than one race/ethnicity indicated
b
BMI = weight (kg)/[height (m)]
c
BMI-for-age weight status categories based on CDC BMI-for-age growth charts: underweight = <5th percentile; healthy weight = 5th–<85th percentile; at-risk-for overweight = 85th–<95th percentile; overweight = >95th percentile