Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Infant Behav Dev. 2009 Nov 27;33(1):23. doi: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2009.10.004

Table 1.

Means for prenatal self-report variables for non-depressed, anxiety, depressed and comorbid depression and anxiety groups (S.D.s in parentheses). Different letter superscripts denote differences between group means.

GROUP
Non-Depressed Anxiety Depressed Comorbid F p
Measures
Prenatal Early GA
(20 weeks)
Depression (CES-D) 8.45a
(3.84)		 10.51b
(3.71)		 22.11c
(5.96)		 27.15c
(7.60)		 661.37 .000
Anxiety (STAI) 30.74a
(5.06)		 45.57b
(5.16)		 33.85c
(5.27)		 50.18d
(7.07)		 694.14 .000
Anger (STAXI) 15.96a
(4.14)		 18.12b
(4.51)		 19.58b
(6.20)		 22.18c
(6.05)		 62.72 .000
Behavioral Inhibition(BIS) 17.66a
(3.55)		 18.15ab
(3.31)		 18.46ab
(4.30)		 18.63b
(3.78)		 3.37 .02
Daily Hassles 19.31a
(5.48)		 22.91b
(5.41)		 22.77b
(7.87)		 27.50c
(7.63)		 46.28 .000
Sleep Disturbances 37.60a
(22.61)		 44.80ab
(13.38)		 44.09ab
(24.66)		 48.02b
(20.82)		 2.90 .04
Relationships 2.21a
(0.88)		 1.33ab
(0.94)		 1.04ab
(1.07)		 0.78b
(1.18)		 2.93 .05
Prenatal Late GA
(32 weeks)
Depression (CES-D) 11.70a
(7.20)		 12.18a
(6.92)		 17.29b
(10.26)		 19.37b
(9.08)		 7.78 .000
Anxiety (STAI) 37.91a
(9.05)		 37.06a
(10.27)		 41.69ab
(9.72)		 44.75b
(9.66)		 5.53 .001
Anger (STAXI) 16.35
(4.44)		 17.22
(5.36)		 19.44
(8.01)		 19.64
(7.46)		 2.06 .11
Daily Hassles 19.50a
(5.71)		 24.00b
(5.23)		 24.00b
(5.41)		 28.50c
(4.24)		 14.62 .03
Sleep Disturbances 40.48a
(21.89)		 48.60ab
(21.47)		 46.63ab
(20.61)		 54.93b
(19.18)		 4.14 .008
Postnatal (2 days)
Depression (CES-D) 10.49a
(7.35)		 12.94ab
(7.65)		 15.95b
(9.01)		 21.22c
(10.26)		 46.52 .000
Anxiety (STAI) 32.22a
(6.59)		 40.70b
(8.01)		 34.40a
(7.61)		 43.89bc
(10.58)		 58.90 .000
Anger (STAXI) 15.80a
(4.45)		 18.45b
(4.71)		 17.49b
(5.97)		 19.40c
(5.26)		 13.92 .000
Sleep Disturbances 47.12
(20.37)		 43.45
(20.75)		 41.01
(12.53)		 58.91
(14.62)		 2.13 .11