Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of HCC cases and Controls
| HCC cases | Matched controls |
Other non-HCC patients |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| No. of patients | 39 | 77 | 915 |
| Demographics | |||
| Age, years | 51.9 ± 5.6 | 51.6 ± 8.3 | 50.0 ± 7.1 |
| Gender, % female | 18 | 25 | 30 |
| Race/ethnicity, % | |||
| Non-Hispanic White | 62 | 60 | 73 |
| Hispanic | 5 | 6 | 8 |
| Black | 28 | 32 | 16 |
| Others | 5 | 1 | 2 |
| Metabolic factors | |||
| BMI, kg/m2 | 27.8 ± 4.3 | 29.4 ± 4.7 | 30.0 ± 5.6 |
| Diabetes, % | 18 | 38 | 23 |
| Viral factors | |||
| HCV genotype 1, % | 90 | 96 | 93 |
| HCV RNA, log10 IU/mL | 6.37 ± 0.54 | 6.44 ± 0.6 | 6.44 ± 0.52 |
| Labs | |||
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 14.8 ± 1.6 | 14.8 ± 1.4 | 15.0 ± 1.4 |
| WBC × 1000/mm3^ | 4.9 ± 1.4 | 5.8 ± 1.9 | 5.8 ± 1.9 |
| Platelet × 1000/mm3* | 123 ± 51 | 155 ± 54 | 167 ± 67 |
| 104 (58-288) | 148 (51-331) | 162 (39-426) | |
| Albumin, g/dL^ | 3.7 ± 0.4 | 3.8 ± 0.4 | 3.9 ± 0.4 |
| AST, U/L | 123 ± 80 | 98 ± 68 | 85 ± 56 |
| ALT, U/L | 141 ±116 | 113 ± 74 | 105 ± 76 |
| Alkaline phosphatase, U/L^ | 131 ±62 | 106 ± 49 | 98 ± 44 |
| 119 (50-341) | 92 (48-308) | 89 (20-478) | |
| Total bilirubin, mg/dL | 0.9 ± 0.4 | 0.8 ± 0.4 | 0.8 ± 0.4 |
| INR* | 1.08 ± 0.08 | 1.02 ± 0.08 | 1.04 ± 0.12 |
| HCC markers | |||
| AFP, ng/mL | 30.7 ± 36.9 | 20.4 ± 33.3 | 16.7 ± 28.8 |
| Log10 AFP, ng/mL^ | 1.25 ± 0.44 | 1.02 ± 0.47 | 0.97 ± 0.42 |
| DCP, mAU/mL | 55.8 ± 54.9 | 27.9 ± 13.0 | 41.3 ± 103.9 |
| Log10 DCP, mAU/mL* | 1.6 ± 0.34 | 1.40 ± 0.19 | 1.47 ± 0.26 |
| Cirrhosis on biopsy, % | 56 | 57 | 39 |
| Esophageal varices, %* | 53 | 24 | 25 |
| Maintenance IFN, % | 49 | 49 | 49 |
*
p <0.01
^
p <0.05 for comparisons between HCC cases and matched controls
Data provided are percentages or means ± SD
Median (range) are provided for variables that are not normally distributed