Intra-PVT Orexin-A (ORX) injection reinstates extinguished cocaine-seeking behavior. Rats were first trained to intravenously self-administer cocaine (0.25 mg/infusion, fixed-ratio 1, timeout 20 s, signaled by the illumination of a cue light above the active lever) for 2 weeks. Following self-administration training (SA), the animals were placed on extinction conditions for 2 weeks. Extinction sessions were identical to self-administration sessions, including the signaled 20 s TO period, but cocaine was no longer available. Under extinction conditions, microinjection of orexin A (ORX, 150 pmole) into the PVT immediately before the test reinstated extinguished cocaine-seeking behavior. *p < 0.05, compared with Vehicle (Veh; n = 6 animals/group).