Table 1.

ExPEC/APEC genes used in virulence genotyping^*.

Gene	Description	Reference
pTJ100-related genes
cvaC+	Structural gene for the colicin V operon	[50]
iroN±	Catecholate siderophore receptor gene	[51]
iss+	Increased serum survival gene	[52,53]
iucC±	Involved in aerobactin synthesis	[54,55]
iutA±	Ferric aerobactin receptor gene; iron transport	[55]
sitA±	Putative iron transport gene	[56]
traT+	Outer membrane protein gene; surface exclusion; serum resistance	[57,58]
tsh≠	Temperature-sensitive hemagglutinin gene	[59]
Iron-Related
feoB	Gene which mediates ferric iron uptake	[56]
ireA	Encodes an iron-responsive element;	[60]
	putative sideropohore receptor gene
irp-2	Iron repressible gene associated with yersiniabactin synthesis	[61]
Toxins
hlyD	Transport gene of the hemolysin operon	[62]
Miscellaneous
fliC (H7)	Produces-flagellin protein associated with the H7 antigen group	[63]

^*Descriptions of genes encoding components of certain adhesins (i.e., genes encoding parts of the P pilus, papA; papC; papEF; papG, including papG alleles I, II, and III; the S pilus, sfa and the gene encoding the S fimbrial tip, sfaS; the Type 1 fimbrial adhesin, fimH; the F1C fimbrial tip, focG; and other genes encoding portions of miscellaneous adhesins, iha; afa; gafD; and bmaE); toxins (cnf-1 and cdtB); protectins (kpsMT K1; kpsMT II; kpsMT III; and rfc); siderophores (fyuA); and other miscellaneous structures (ibeA; ompT; and PAI(CFT073), a fragment from archetypal UPEC strain CFT073) can be found in Johnson and co-workers [64]. Also, the description of papG allele I’ can be found in Johnson and Stell [65].

+ These genes are listed as pTJ100-related, but they could also be listed as protectins.

± These genes are listed as pTJ100-related, but they could also be listed with the iron-related genes.

≠ These genes are listed as pTJ100-related, but they also could be listed in the miscellaneous group.