Table 1.

Summary of human ALS and GWI symptoms compared with symptoms observed in aluminum-treated mice and rats. This table also outlines the similarities between human ALS and Gulf War illness.

Animal	Age	Dose	Injection type	Result	Reference
Female NIH mice	4 week	315–335 μg/kg	i.p.	Significantly elevated levels of Al in brain	Redhead et al., 1991
Male and female Long Evan rats	2 month	100 or 300 mg/kg/day	Oral	Significantly reduced learning ability and elevated levels of Al in brain	Bilkei-Gorzo, 1993
Male Swiss albino mice	Not stated	∼20 μg/kg/day	Oral	Significantly elevated levels of Al in brain, kidney and liver.	Sahin et al., 1994
Pzh:SFIS mice	Not stated	1.0 mg every 2 weeks or 0.1 mg 5 days/week	i.p.	Significantly elevated levels of Al in liver and tibia (bone), but not in brain.	Fiejka et al., 1996