Table 2. MCPyV DNA and human papillomavirus DNA in samples of HIV-positive men without Merkel cell carcinoma*.

Diagnosis	No. samples	No. (%) MCPyV-positive by nPCR	No. (%) MCPyV-positive by sPCR	No. (%) HPV-positive	No. (%) HR-HPV–positive†
Normal‡ anogenital/oral swabs	49	18 (37)	7 (14)	32 (65)	31 (63)
CD4 <200/μL	18	6 (33)	3 (17)	13 (72)	13 (72)
CD4 >200/μL	31	12 (39)	4 (13)	19 (61)	18 (58)
Anal	20	6 (30)	3 (15)	20 (100)	20 (100)
Penile	6	3 (50)	3 (50)	4 (67)	3 (50)
Oral	23	9 (39)	1 (4)	8 (35)	8 (35)
Benign papilloma/acanthoma	21	6 (29)	2 (10)	20 (95)	10 (48)
Anal	12	4 (33)	2 (17)	12 (100)	5 (42)
Penile	6	2 (33)	0 (0)	6 (100)	2 (33)
Oral	3	0 (0)	0 (0)	2 (67)	3 (100)
Dysplasia/carcinoma in situ	43	12 (28)	1 (2)	41 (95)	38 (88)
Anal intraepithelial neoplasia	27	7 (26)	1 (4)	26 (96)	26 (96)
Penile intraepithelial neoplasia	14	4 (29)	0 (0)	13 (93)	12 (86)
Oral carcinoma in situ	2	1 (50)	0 (0)	2 (100)	0 (0)
Anal cancer	7	1 (14)	0 (0)	7 (100)	7 (100)
All anal, penile, or oral samples	120	37 (31)	10 (8)	100 (83)	86 (72)
CD4 <200/μL	45	13 (29)	5 (11)	38 (84)	36 (80)
CD4 >200/μL	75	24 (32)	5 (7)	62 (83)	50 (67)
Plucked eyebrow hairs	14	7 (50)	5 (36)	14 (100)	0 (0)
Cerebrospinal fluid	7	0 (0)	0 (0)	ND	ND

*MCPyV, Merkel cell polyomavirus; nPCR, nested PCR; sPCR, single-round PCR; HPV, human papillomavirus; HR, high-risk alpha-HPV. All samples were tested for beta-HPV. Eyebrow hairs were additionally tested for alpha-HPV, and all were positive. Alpha- and beta-HPV DNA were determined by PCRs as previously described (8).
†HR types comprise HPV16, 18, 26, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 73, 82. For details of the patient-collective see (8).
‡Normal swabs were those negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy.