Table 1.
Characteristics of the Sample
|
Overall Sample (N = 2429) |
Never Smokers (N = 735) |
Former Smokers (N = 999) |
Current Smokers (N = 695) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean [SD] / N [%] |
Mean [SD] / N [%] |
Mean [SD] / N [%] |
Mean [SD] / N [%] |
|
| Female | 1,115 | 333 | 440 | 342 |
| [45.90%] | [45.31%] | [44.04%] | [49.21%] | |
| Age | 46.81 | 46.81 | 50.58 | 43.93 |
| [12.92] | [12.92] | [12.82] | [11.92] | |
| Black | 125 | 48 | 44 | 33 |
| [5.15%] | [6.53%] | [4.40%] | [4.75%] | |
| Other Race | 109 | 35 | 41 | 33 |
| [4.49%] | [4.76%] | [4.10%] | [4.75%] | |
| Education Scale | 5.84 | 6.48 | 5.97 | 4.98 |
| Mean Level | ||||
| [2.44] | [2.4] | [2.51] | [2.13] | |
| Education Scale Levels | ||||
| 0) No school/ | 10 | 1 | 6 | 3 |
| some grade school | [.41%] | [.14%] | [.60%] | [.43%] |
| 1) 8th grade / | 29 | 4 | 13 | 12 |
| junior high school | [1.19%] | [.68%] | [1.3%] | [1.73%] |
| 2) Some high school | 157 | 25 | 60 | 72 |
| [6.46%] | [4.08%] | [6.01%] | [10.36%] | |
| 3) GED | 34 | 2 | 15 | 17 |
| [1.4%] | [.27%] | [6.01%] | [2.45%] | |
| 4) Attended high school | 675 | 162 | 275 | 238 |
| through graduation | [27.79%] | [22.04%] | [27.53%] | [34.24%] |
| 5) 1-2 yrs. College | 479 | 140 | 172 | 167 |
| no degree | [19.72%] | [19.05%] | [17.22%] | [24.03%] |
| 6) 3+ yrs. College | 113 | 42 | 41 | 30 |
| no degree | [4.65%] | [5.71%] | [4.1%] | [4.32%] |
| 7) 2 year college | 162 | 51 | 67 | 44 |
| Degree | [6.67%] | [6.94%] | [6.71%] | [6.33%] |
| 8) 4 year college degree | 441 | 171 | 199 | 71 |
| [18.16%] | [23.27%] | [19.92%] | [10.22%] | |
| 9) Some graduate school | 66 | 34 | 25 | 7 |
| [2.72%] | [4.63%] | [2.5%] | [1.01%] | |
| 10) Masters degree | 180 | 63 | 94 | 23 |
| [7.41%] | [8.57%] | [9.41%] | [3.31%] | |
| 11) Doctoral degree | 83 | 40 | 32 | 11 |
| [3.42%] | [5.44%] | [3.2%] | [1.58%] | |
| Parental SEI | 38.02 | 39.64 | 38.22 | 36.01 |
| [13.67] | [13.98] | [13.87] | [12.77] | |
| Household | $50,000 | $55,500 | $51,500 | $45,000 |
| Incomea | [$28,500 – $88,000] | [$32,000 - $101,500] | [$29,500 – $90,000] | [$26,000 – $76,500] |
| Wealtha | $27,500 | $32,500 | $47,500 | $9,500 |
| [$0 – $125,000] | [$0 – $125,000] | [$500 – $175,000] | [$0 – $62,500] | |
| Neuroticism | 2.26 | 2.20 | 2.82 | 2.31 |
| [.67] | [.60] | [.66] | [.70] | |
| Extraversion | 3.19 | 3.19 | 3.16 | 3.22 |
| [.56] | [.56] | [.59] | [.53] | |
| Openness | 3.06 | 3.06 | 3.05 | 3.08 |
| [.52] | [.52] | [.53] | [.52] | |
| Agreeableness | 3.46 | 3.42 | 3.45 | 3.51 |
| [.50] | [.52] | [.50] | [.48] | |
| Conscientiousness | 3.46 | 3.43 | 3.38 | 3.35 |
| [.45] | [.42] | [.45] | [.48] | |
Note. SEI = Duncan’s Socioeconomic Index. Parental SEI and personality traits scores reported in raw score units.
a
= values are median [interquartile range]