Structure of the active site of IDH1. The crystal structure of the human cytosolic NADP(+)–dependent IDH is shown in ribbon format (PDBID: 1T0L) (44). The active cleft of IDH1 consists of a NADP-binding site and the isocitrate-metal ion-binding site. The alpha-carboxylate oxygen and the hydroxyl group of isocitrate chelate the Ca2+ ion. NADP is colored in orange, isocitrate in purple and Ca2+ in blue. The Arg132 residue, displayed in yellow, forms hydrophilic interactions, shown in red, with the alpha-carboxylate of isocitrate. Displayed image was created with UCSF Chimera software version 1.2422 (50).