FIGURE 10.

Summary model; LXR activation has multiple effects in human islets. Treatment of human islets with the LXR agonist, TO-901317, increases insulin secretion through a mechanism that involves increased pyruvate carboxylase enzyme activity and increased expression of several genes known to influence islet function including those involved in reverse cholesterol transport and glycerolipid/free fatty acid cycling (GL/FFA). After chronic exposure to LXR agonist, insulin transcription is also increased and corresponds to increased Pdx-1 binding to the proximal INS promoter. HSL, hormone-sensitive lipase; ATGL, adipose triglyceride lipase. * denotes genes known to be direct transcriptional targets of LXRs.