(A) Growth of R. rubrum strains under aerobic conditions with MTA as the sole sulfur source. Malate was used as the carbon source. (B) Growth of R. rubrum strains under anaerobic conditions with MTA as the sole sulfur source. In all cases, a defined malate minimal medium was utilized. ♦, wild type; ▵, rlpA mutant; □, cbbM mutant; ×, cbbM rlpA mutant. (C) Complementation of the R. rubrum cbbM rlpA mutant strain under anaerobic photoheterotrophic conditions in malate minimal medium containing MTA as the sole sulfur source. ⋄, cbbM rlpA mutant with no plasmid; ♦, cbbM rlpA mutant containing the R. rubrum cbbM gene, plasmid RrcbbM. (D) cbbM rlpA mutant containing R. palustris wild-type and mutant cbbM genes. •, RpcbbM; ▪, RpcbbMI165T; □, RpcbbMI165V; ▵, no plasmid. The R. rubrum rlpA gene was not able to complement the cbbM rlpA mutant strain under anaerobic growth conditions.