Table 2.
Association between facility provision and minutes of physical education and recess time per week.a
| Physical education time (min) |
Recess time (min) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coeff | (SE) | Coeff | (SE) | Coeff | (SE) | |
| Facility provision | ||||||
| Gymnasium available | 8.29 | (3.79)** | ||||
| Gymnasium available and adequate | 3.04 | (3.05) | ||||
| Playground available and adequate | -1.41 | (1.85) | ||||
| Number of alternates | -1.00 | (1.41) | 1.9 | (1.53) | -1.05 | (1.01) |
| Climate zone (Ref=cold)b | ||||||
| Dry | 36.50 | (5.95)*** | 45.32 | (8.59)*** | -1.46 | (2.92) |
| Hot-humid | 27.29 | (5.98)*** | 44.10 | (5.72)*** | -21.43 | (2.40)*** |
| Marine | 9.16 | (7.50) | 22.65 | (25.53) | 2.13 | (5.76) |
| Mixed-humid | 30.57 | (10.19)** | 5.58 | (2.74) * | -12.45 | (2.20)*** |
| Interactions between facility provision and climate zonec | ||||||
| Dry*gym available | 8.92 | (9.97) | – | – | – | – |
| Hot-humid*gym available | 17.40 | (8.25)* | – | – | – | – |
| Marine*gym available | 14.22 | (25.55) | – | – | – | – |
| Mixed-humid *gym available | 24.96 | (10.53)* | – | – | – | – |
| School characteristics | ||||||
| High enrollmentd | 1.22 | (2.81) | 1.74 | (2.82) | -4.37 | (1.84) * |
| Private | -2.24 | (3.19) | 2.39 | (3.52) | 0.06 | (3.27) |
| Title 1 receipt | -0.72 | (2.47) | -6.10 | (2.67) | -0.18 | (2.16) |
| High minority e | -6.28 | (2.80)** | -4.35 | (3.02) | -1.72 | (2.35) |
| Urbanization (Ref=urban)f | ||||||
| Suburban | -2.19 | (2.89) | -1.92 | (3.36) | 1.41 | (2.09) |
| Rural | 2.94 | (3.45) | 5.39 | (3.49) | 11.05 | (3.10)*** |
| Constant | 62.87 | (6.57)*** | 62.03 | (6.92)*** | 57.00 | (5.04)*** |
| Schools, n | 1,358 | 926 | 1,325 | |||
a
* P<0.05; ** P<0.01; *** P<0.001.
b
Refer to Fig. 1 for definition.
c
Interactions for models where gymnasium adequacy and playground adequacy served as the dependent variables were not included because the main effects were not statistically significant.
d
School has 500 or more students.
e
School has 50% or higher minority students.
f
Rural refers to small towns, suburban refers to large and mid-size suburbs, and large towns and urban refers to large and mid-size cities.