Table 2.
Zero-inflated negative binomial regression of functional performance (see “Materials and Methods” section for definition of functional performance) according to selected variables, for 1,611 elderly individuals—Belo Horizonte Metropolitan Area, Brazil, 2003
| Variables | Logistic component | Negative binomial component | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | P value | RoM | 95% CI | P value | |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Female | 0.54 | 0.33–0.88 | 0.01* | 0.82 | 0.67–1.03 | 0.08 |
| Age (years) | ||||||
| 60–69 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| 70–79 | 0.76 | 0.48–1.21 | 0.26 | 1.18 | 0.97–1.43 | 0.11 |
| 80 or + | 0.27 | 0.13–0.55 | 0.00* | 1.59 | 1.30–1.94 | 0.00* |
| Education | ||||||
| Illiterate | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Incomplete basic education | 2.68 | 0.62–1.95 | 0.73 | 1.00 | 0.84–1.21 | 0.95 |
| Complete basic education or more | 2.54 | 1.27– 5.08 | 0.01* | 1.09 | 0.79–1.51 | 0.59 |
| Job (occupation) | ||||||
| Working | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Not working | 0.48 | 0.23–1.01 | 0.05* | 2.04 | 1.20–3.49 | 0.01* |
| Role in the household | ||||||
| Head | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Spouse | 1.09 | 0.63–1.90 | 0.76 | 1.25 | 1.02–1.53 | 0.03* |
| Other relations | 0.40 | 0.19–0.20 | 0.02* | 1.12 | 0.92–1.39 | 0.25 |
| Number of comorbidities | ||||||
| None | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| 1 to 3 | 0.50 | 0.30–0.83 | 0.01* | 1.08 | 0.84–1.40 | 0.55 |
| More than 3 | 0.15 | 0.04–0.66 | 0.01* | 1.22 | 0.92–1.64 | 0.17 |
| Physical activity during leisure time | ||||||
| Sedentary leisure | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Little activity (less than 3 times a week) | 1.36 | 0.63–2.94 | 0.44 | 0.69 | 0.50–0.99 | 0.04* |
| Physically active (at least 3 times a week) | 1.57 | 0.87–2.83 | 0.13 | 0.78 | 0.57–1.09 | 0.15 |
| Use of healthcare services within the past 15 days | ||||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Yes | 0.52 | 0.33–0.82 | 0.01* | 1.01 | 0.86–1.20 | 0.84 |
| Regular use of medication | ||||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Yes | 0.57 | 0.32–0.98 | 0.04* | 1.82 | 1.38–2.41 | 0.00* |
| Satisfied with the neighborhood | ||||||
| Satisfied | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Less satisfied | 0.64 | 0.36–1.12 | 0.12 | 1.19 | 0.97–1.48 | 0.11 |
| Pace of residence | ||||||
| Belo Horizonte | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Municipal Belo Horizonte | 1.05 | 0.68–1.61 | 0.82 | 1.14 | 0.96–1.35 | 0.13 |
| Trust people | ||||||
| No trust | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Undecided | 0.77 | 0.49–1.22 | 0.27 | 1.10 | 0.92–1.33 | 0.30 |
| Trust | 0.91 | 0.50–1.65 | 0.75 | 0.98 | 0.78–1.25 | 0.90 |
| Concern when leaving the home: fear of robbery | ||||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Yes | 0.98 | 0.60–1.60 | 0.95 | 0.86 | 0.71–1.06 | 0.17 |
| Concern when leaving the home: fear of falling on the sidewalks | ||||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Yes | 0.31 | 0.20–0.49 | 0.00* | 1.62 | 1.34–1.97 | 0.00* |
Model adjusted according to the type of informant (variable “who answered the survey”, the participant or a proxy)
OR odds ratio (indicates the chance of belonging to the group of subjects that did not experience the event, that is, the chance of being independent), RoM ratio of means (indicates increases in the number of activities of daily living (ADL) carried out with difficulty)
*P values ≤0.05