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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Feb 15.
Published in final edited form as: J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2007 Jun;33(3):743–751. doi: 10.1037/0096-1523.33.3.743

Table 1. Number of Participants Who Played the Indicated Instruments at Onset of Musical Activity (First Instrument) and Who Play the Indicated Instruments Presently (Actual Major Instrument).

First instrument
Actual major instrument
Instrument Amateurs Professionals Amateurs Professionals
Piano 6 10 6 6
Keyboard 1
Guitar 4 6
Violin 2 2 3 2
Viola 1
Cello 1 1 1 1
Recorder 15 2 1 1
Transverse flute 3
Clarinet 1
Bassoon 1
Oboe 1 3
Trumpet 1 1 1
Percussion 1
Xylophone 1
Voice 2 1 6 3