TABLE 1.

Summary of the overall effects on LNCaP, BPH-1, and PC-3 cells^a

Sodium Selenite (μmol/l)	Number of Viable Cells			Cytotoxicityb			Cell in S-Phasec	Apoptotic Cells (Flow Cytometry)c	DNA Ladderingd	Caspase Activatione
	24 h	48 h	72h	24 h	48 h	72 h
LNCaP
1	↑ ↑	↑ ↑ ↑	~ – ↑	±/~	~	~	↑ ↑	±	±	±
2.5	~	~	↓ ↓	~	~	++	↑	~	+	+±
5	↓ ↓	↓ ↓ ↓	↓ ↓ ↓	++	+ + +	+ + +	↑ ↑ ↑	++	++	++
10	↓ ↓	↓ ↓ ↓	↓ ↓ ↓	++	+ + +	+ + +	↑	+ + +	+ + +	++±
BPH-1
1	~ – ↓	~	↓	~	~	±	~ – ↑	~	~	+
2.5	↓ ↓	↓ ↓	↓ ↓ ↓	+	++	+ + +	~	~	~	+±
5	↓ ↓ ↓	↓ ↓ ↓	↓ ↓ ↓	++	+ + +	+ + +	~ – ↓	++	+	++
10	↓ ↓ ↓	↓ ↓ ↓	↓ ↓ ↓	+ + +	+ + +	+ + +	↓	+ + +	++	++±
PC-3
1	~ – ↑	~	↓	~	~	~	~	~	~	~
2.5	~ – ↑	↓	↓ ↓	~	~	~	~	~	~	~
5	~	↓	↓ ↓	~	±	+	~	±	~	~
10	↓	↓ ↓	↓ ↓ ↓	~	++	+ + +	~ – ↑	±	~	~

^aAbbreviations are as follows: LNCaP, lymph node carcinoma of the prostate; BPH-1, benign prostatic hyperplasia-1; PC-3, prostate cancer-3. ↑, ↑ ↑, ↑ ↑ ↑ = slightly, moderately, markedly increased, respectively; ↓, ↓ ↓, ↓ ↓ ↓ = slightly, moderately, markedly decreased, respectively; ±, +, ++, + + + = minimal, slight, moderately, markedly increased, respectively; ~= no change. Shaded cells indicate cytotoxicity.

^bTrypan blue leaking cells.

^cAt 48 h.

^dAt 72 h.

^eAt 24 h.