TABLE 4.

Multiple regression analyses for refined grain intake with inflammatory protein concentrations

		Refined grain intake,1servings/d
Outcome variable	n	β	SEM	P
Log PAI-1
Model 12	1005	0.113	0.032	0.0005
Model 23	1005	0.076	0.034	0.0251
Model 34	959	0.083	0.031	0.0078
Log CRP
Model 12	932	0.024	0.041	0.5518
Model 23	932	−0.021	0.041	0.6222
Model 34	890	−0.009	0.039	0.8172
Fibrinogen
Model 12	1005	−2.084	2.230	0.3501
Model 23	1005	−2.893	2.364	0.2214
Model 34	959	−3.252	2.303	0.1582

¹One serving corresponds to a participant-identified, medium-sized serving of FFQ line items comparable to servings consumed by men or women of the same age.

²Adjusted for, age, sex, ethnicity, total energy intake, smoking status, total estimated energy expenditure, and alcohol consumption category.

³Adjusted for variables in the previous models as well as the opposing grain variable, vegetable intake, fruit intake, percent energy from oleic acid, PUFA, and saturated fat intake.

⁴Adjusted for variables in the previous model as well as waist circumference, S_I, and 2-h glucose.