Table 1.

Mean Parameter Values and Results From t Tests

Parameter	Young, n = 20, mean ± 1 SD (range)	Older n = 20, mean ± 1 SD (range)	Mean Difference (95% confidence interval)	p Value
Peak energy absorption, normalized (% body weight × body height)	3.1 ± 0.4 (2.4–3.9)	1.7 ± 0.5 (0.7–3.2)	1.3 (1.0–1.6)	<.001
Peak hand contact force, normalized (% body weight)	36.5 ± 3.2 (30.0–44.0)	23.8 ± 6.7 (13.9–36.5)	12.6 (9.3–16.0)	<.001
Peak arm deflection, normalized (% body height)	13.7 ± 1.8 (11.0–17.0)	13.6 ± 2.7 (9.7–22.1)	0.1 (−1.3 to 1.6)	.822
Maximum angle performed (°)	87 ± 8 (60–90)	67 ± 10 (45–90)	20 (14–26)	<.001
Angle of peak energy absorption (°)	79 ± 11 (60–90)	56 ± 12 (30–75)	23 (16–30)	<.001