TABLE 1.
Demographic and Baseline Clinical Features
| Remission Status | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Whole Sample (n = 168) | Remitter (n = 110) | Nonremitter (n = 58) | Test Statistic and pa | |
| Sex | χ2 = 0.66, p = .41 | |||
| Male | 58% (97) | 60% (66) | 53.4% (31) | |
| Female | 42% (71) | 40% (44) | 46.6% (27) | |
| Age, y | 11.8 ± 2.8 | 11.7 ± 2.8 | 12.1 ± 2.9 | t = 0.88, p = .41 |
| Age group | χ2 = 2.26, p = .26 | |||
| Children (11 y and younger) | 48% (80) | 51.8% (57) | 39.7% (23) | |
| Adolescents (12 y and older) | 52% (88) | 48.2% (53) | 60.3% (35) | |
| Ethnicity | χ2 = 6.28, p = .26 | |||
| African American | 11% (18) | 10.9% (12) | 10.3% (6) | |
| White | 75% (126) | 70.0% (77) | 84.5% (49) | |
| Hispanic | 11% (18) | 14.6% (16) | 3.5% (2) | |
| Other | 4% (6) | 4.5% (5) | 1.7% (1) | |
| MDD episode | χ2 = 0.05, p = .99 | |||
| Single | 70% (117) | 69.1% (76) | 70.7% (41) | |
| Recurrent | 30% (51) | 30.9% (34) | 29.3% (17) | |
| No. of concurrent comorbidities | 1.2 ± 1.0 | 1.1 ± 0.98 | 1.2 ± 1.1 | t = 0.10, p = .99 |
| Dysthymia | 32% (53) | 30.0% (33) | 34.5% (20) | χ2 = 0.35, p = .89 |
| Behavioral disorders | 43% (72) | 45.5% (50) | 37.9% (22) | χ2 = 0.88, p = .87 |
| Anxiety disorders | 26% (44) | 25.4% (28) | 27.6% (16) | χ2 = 0.08, p = .99 |
| Length of illness, mo | 14.6 ± 17.6 | 14.5 ± 17.6 | 14.8 ± 17.8 | t = 0.11, p = .99 |
| Current episode length, wk | 25.3 ± 21.1 | 24.4 ± 22.2 | 26.9 ± 18.8 | t = 0.72, p = .87 |
| Baseline CDRS-R total score | 57.6 ± 7.3 | 57.2 ± 6.5 | 58.3 ± 8.6 | t = 0.90, p = .87 |
| Suicidal behaviors | χ2 = 9.26, p = .32 | |||
| None | 22.6% (38) | 24.6% (27) | 18.9% (11) | |
| Morbid thoughts/death wishes | 38.1% (64) | 33.6% (37) | 46.6% (27) | |
| Suicidal thoughts | 31.6% (53) | 32.7% (36) | 29.3% (17) | |
| Suicidal plans | 6.5% (11) | 9.1% (10) | 1.7% (1) | |
| Suicidal attempts | 1.2% (2) | 0.0% (0) | 3.5% (2) | |
| CGI-S | 4.8 ± 0.6 | 4.8 ± 0.64 | 4.6 ± 0.62 | t = 0.01, p = .99 |
| CGAS | 51.7 ± 6.2 | 52.1 ± 5.8 | 50.7 ± 6.7 | t = 1.35, p = .73 |
| FGAS | 61.9 ± 10.6 | 62.3 ± 11.0 | 61.1 ± 9.7 | t = 0.73, p = .87 |
| Positive family history of depression | 71% (119)b | 79.8% (87)b | 55.2% (32) | χ2 = 10.92, p = .01 |
Note: CGI-S = Clinical Global Impression-Severity Scale; CGAS = Clinical Global Assessment Scale; FGAS = Family Global Assessment Scale; CDRS-R = Children’s Depression Rating Scale-Revised; MDD = major depressive disorder. Data are presented as mean ± SD (continuous variables) or % (n; categorical variables).
a
Tested for differences between remitters and nonremitters on each demographic/clinical characteristic in a separate model, and the p values are adjusted using the false discovery rate described by Benjamini and Hochberg.22
b
Data unavailable for one adopted patient (total n = 167; remitted n = 109).