Comparison of the Reactivity of Aryl Chlorides vs. Aryl Bromides and Aryl Bromides vs. Aryl Iodides in the Presence of Pd(OAc)2 and CyPF-t-Bu (1:1).
Reagents and conditions: a Isolated Yield. i. 0.01 mol % Pd(OAc)2, 0.01 mol % CyPF-t-Bu, 1.4 equiv. NaOtBu, DME, 100 °C, 10 h; ii. 0.005 mol % Pd(OAc)2, 0.005 mol % CyPF-t-Bu, 1.4 equiv. NaOtBu, DME, 100 °C, 20 h; iii. 0.05 mol % Pd(OAc)2, 0.05 mol % CyPF-t-Bu, 1.4 equiv. NaOtBu, DME, 100 °C, 20 h; 0.5 mol % Pd(OAc)2, 0.5 mol % CyPF-t-Bu, 1.4 equiv. NaOtBu, DME, 100 °C, 20 h.