Table 4. Multivariate associations (odds ratios) between childhood adversities (CA) and the subsequent first onset of NCS-R/DSM-IV disorders in four life course stages based on a simple interactive model^†.

	Childhood (Ages 4-12)		Adolescence (Ages 13-19)		Young adulthood (Ages 20-29)		bottom-later adulthood (Ages 30+)
	OR	(95% CI)	OR	(95% CI)	OR	(95% CI)	OR	(95% CI)

I. Maladaptive family functioning
Parent mental illness	1.8^*	(1.5-2.2)	1.7^*	(1.4-2.1)	1.5^*	(1.3-1.9)	1.6^*	(1.3-1.9)
Parent substance abuse	1.6^*	(1.3-1.9)	1.8^*	(1.5-2.2)	1.8^*	(1.2-2.6)	1.7^*	(1.3-2.1)
Parent criminality	1.4^*	(1.1-1.8)	1.6^*	(1.2-2.0)	1.4^*	(1.1-1.8)	1.2	(0.9-1.6)
Family violence	1.6^*	(1.4-1.9)	1.8^*	(1.4-2.2)	1.8^*	(1.5-2.3)	1.8^*	(1.3-2.4)
Physical abuse	1.9^*	(1.6-2.2)	1.8^*	(1.4-2.2)	1.5^*	(1.2-1.9)	1.3	(1.0-1.6)
Sexual abuse	2.3^*	(1.9-2.7)	1.8^*	(1.4-2.3)	1.7^*	(1.3-2.2)	1.4^*	(1.1-1.9)
Neglect	1.6^*	(1.3-2.0)	1.8^*	(1.4-2.3)	1.9^*	(1.4-2.6)	1.4^*	(1.0-2.0)
χ²₇	139.1^*		49.3^*		49.5^*		42.3^*
II. Other childhood adversities
Parent died	1.2^*	(1.0-1.4)	1.0	(0.8-1.2)	1.0	(0.8-1.4)	1.1	(0.9-1.3)
Parents divorce	1.0	(0.9-1.2)	1.0	(0.9-1.2)	1.0	(0.8-1.2)	1.0	(0.8-1.2)
Other parent loss	1.3^*	(1.1-1.5)	1.2^*	(1.0-1.5)	1.2	(0.9-1.6)	1.4^*	(1.1-1.8)
Serious physical illness	1.6^*	(1.4-1.9)	1.2	(1.0-1.4)	1.1	(0.8-1.4)	1.3	(1.0-1.7)
Family economic adversity	1.2^*	(1.0-1.4)	1.0	(0.8-1.2)	1.2	(0.9-1.5)	1.2	(0.9-1.6)
χ²₅	71.1^*		12.9^*		4.2		10.3
χ²₁₂	342.6^*		85.9 ^*		61.7^*		81.8^*
III. Number of maladaptive family functioning CAs
0-1
2	0.8	(0.6-1.0)	0.7^*	(0.5-0.9)	0.6^*	(0.4-0.8)	0.7	(0.5-1.1)
3	0.6^*	(0.4-0.9)	0.5^*	(0.3-0.7)	0.4^*	(0.2-0.8)	0.5^*	(0.3-0.8)
4	0.4^*	(0.3-0.8)	0.3^*	(0.1-0.5)	0.3^*	(0.1-0.5)	0.5^*	(0.2-0.9)
5	0.3^*	(0.2-0.7)	0.2^*	(0.1-0.4)	0.2^*	(0.1-0.7)	0.4	(0.2-1.1)
6	0.2^*	(0.1-0.5)	0.1^*	(0.0-0.2)	0.2^*	(0.1-0.5)	0.3^*	(0.1-0.9)
7+	0.1^*	(0.0-0.4)	0.0^*	(0.0-0.2)	0.1^*	(0.0-0.3)	0.2^*	(0.0-0.8)
χ²₆	37.2^*		47.8^*		26.4^*		8.4
IV. Number of other CAs
0-1
2	0.9	(0.8-1.1)	0.8	(0.6-1.0)	0.7	(0.5-1.0)	0.8	(0.5-1.2)
3	0.8	(0.6-1.1)	0.8	(0.5-1.2)	0.7	(0.4-1.2)	0.6	(0.3-1.2)
4+	1.0	(0.4-2.4)	0.5	(0.2-1.2)	0.4	(0.1-1.3)	0.8	(0.3-2.4)
χ²₃	2.6		4.9		5.4		2.6
χ²₂₁	1167.8^*		182.4^*		472.0^*		163.0^*

Significant at the .05 level, two-sided test.

^†

See footnote 2 to Table 2 for a description of the dataset and overall modeling approach. The model used here was estimated with predictors for both types of adversities and number of adversities (distinguishing number of Maladaptive Family Functioning adversities from number of Other adversities) in addition to the controls used in the models described in Table 2. See the second footnote in Table 3 for a description of the interpretation of the joint effects of type and number of CAs. The 5,692 respondents had a total of 11,047 disorder onsets, including 3,550 in the age range 4-12, 3,401 in the age range 13-19, 2,093 in the age range 20-29, and 1,845 in the age range 30+. Data on the prevalence of individual CAs and the distribution of number of CAs separately in person-years with and without onsets of the disorders are available on request. For person-years with an onset, these prevalence estimates range from a low of 7.7% (physical illness associated with onsets in the age range 20-29) to a high of 31.0% (family violence with onsets in the age range 4-12).

Table 4. Multivariate associations (odds ratios) between childhood adversities (CA) and the subsequent first onset of NCS-R/DSM-IV disorders in four life course stages based on a simple interactive model†.

Table 4. Multivariate associations (odds ratios) between childhood adversities (CA) and the subsequent first onset of NCS-R/DSM-IV disorders in four life course stages based on a simple interactive model^†.