Table 1.
Baseline characteristics (age 60–79) of the MI cases and controls and stroke cases and controls: mean (SD) or n (%)a.
| MI cases (n = 368) | MI controls (n = 713) | Difference (p-value) | Stroke cases (n = 304) | Stroke controls (n = 596) | Difference (p-value) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic/questionnaire | ||||||
| Age (years) | 70.83 (5.46) | 70.80 (5.43) | Matched | 71.36 (5.32) | 71.39 (5.26) | Matched |
| Male, n (%) | 270 (73.4) | 516 (72.4) | Matched | 194 (63.2) | 377 (63.3) | Matched |
| Northern region of residence, n (%)b | 156 (42.4) | 298 (41.8) | Matched | 111 (36.5) | 227 (38.1) | Matched |
| Non-manual occupation, n (%)b | 155 (44.5) | 325 (47.8) | 0.333 | 125 (46.6) | 263 (47.2) | 0.632 |
| Prior evidence of CVD, n (%) | 111 (30.2) | 119 (16.7) | <0.001 | 86 (28.3) | 90 (15.1) | <0.001 |
| History of diabetes, n (%) | 66 (17.9) | 76 (10.7) | 0.001 | 43 (14.1) | 73 (12.3) | 0.422 |
| 1–2 alcoholic drinks/day, n (%) | 129 (38.2) | 304 (46.2) | 0.015 | 129 (38.2) | 304 (46.2) | 0.913 |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 77 (20.9) | 94 (13.2) | 0.002 | 53 (17.4) | 58 (9.8) | 0.002 |
| Physical activity (inactive/occasional), n (%) | 235 (66.4) | 401 (58.8) | 0.017 | 199 (71.7) | 383 (66.8) | 0.213 |
| Physical measurements | ||||||
| Body mass index (kg/m2)c,d | 27.06 (4.23) | 27.02 (3.96) | 0.934 | 27.06 (4.33) | 27.06 (4.09) | 0.828 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm/Hg)c,d,e | 153.89 (27.29) | 148.69 (24.03) | 0.001 | 154.32 (24.96) | 149.37 (24.42) | 0.005 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm/Hg)c,d,e | 83.77 (12.09) | 83.28 (11.50) | 0.512 | 84.98 (12.61) | 82.45 (11.29) | 0.002 |
| FEV1 (L/min)c,d,f | 2.15 (0.55) | 2.23 (0.60) | 0.028 | 2.09 (0.57) | 2.23 (0.53) | <0.001 |
| Lipids/metabolic markers | ||||||
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L)c | 6.24 (1.23) | 6.09 (1.07) | 0.032 | 6.13 (1.21) | 6.32 (1.17) | 0.023 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)c | 1.32 (0.33) | 1.42 (0.36) | <0.001 | 1.43 (0.40) | 1.43 (0.36) | 0.924 |
| Triglyceride (mmol/L)c,e,g | 1.80 (1.31, 2.41) | 1.58 (1.13,2.09) | <0.001 | 1.64 (1.11, 2.32) | 1.69 (1.23, 2.29) | 0.468 |
| Inflammatory markers | ||||||
| MMP-9 (ng/mL)c,g | 527 (397, 743) | 501 (370, 743) | 0.096 | 522 (363, 673) | 487 (393, 704) | 0.045 |
| C-reactive protein (mg/L)c,g | 2.39 (1.05, 5.39) | 1.77 (0.89, 3.62) | <0.001 | 2.12 (1.04, 4.35) | 1.92 (0.91, 4.10) | 0.173 |
| IL-6 (pg/mL)c,e,g | 2.97 (1.92, 4.07) | 2.43(1.61, 3.43) | <0.001 | 2.83 (1.87, 4.14) | 2.56 (1.65, 3.55) | 0.021 |
a
Case–control sample is maximum available.
b
Reported in 1978–1980 (age 40–59 years) for men and in 1998–2000 (age 60–79 years) for women.
c
Adjusted for gender, age and region of residence (Scotland, North, Midlands and South).
d
Adjusted for nurse number.
e
Adjusted for time of day.
f
Adjusted for height squared.
g
Analysed as natural log transformed variable, geometric mean (IQR) reported on original scale.