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Combinations of the 2 arms of Gram staining were performed in series and in parallel for both types of joints. PPV: positive predictive value; NPV: negative predictive value
| Combinations | Sensitivity (%) | Specificity (%) | PPV (%) | NPV (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| THA | ||||
| Series | 18 (12–24) | 100 (99–100) | 100 (87–100) | 77 (73–80) |
| Parallel | 43 (35–51) | 99 (97–99) | 93 (84–98) | 82 (79–86) |
| TKA | ||||
| Series | 21 (15–27) | 100 (99–100) | 100 (90–100) | 68 (63–72) |
| Parallel | 64 (57–72) | 99 (97–99) | 97 (91–99) | 82 (77–86) |
