FIGURE 1.

TPC3 is a pseudogene in primates. A and B, deuterostome phylogeny of TPC genes (unscaled). Each isoform is represented by a numbered square. The TPC3 gene complement of mammals is shaded. B, chromosomal synteny between cow and human genomes in the vicinity of the TPC3 gene. Chr. 11, chromosome 11; Chr. 2, chromosome 2; B. taurus, Bos taurus; H. sapiens, Homo sapiens. C, multiple sequence alignment of translated amino acid sequences of cow TPC3 (BtaTPC3) and TPC3 pseudogenes from human (Hsa), monkey (Mmu), and chimpanzee (Ptr). Missing amino acids resulting from nucleotide deletion in primate genomes are marked with asterisks. The reading frame was manually adjusted at these positions to maximize subsequent sequence alignment with the cow sequence. In-frame stop codons (after adjustment) are indicated with filled circles.