FIGURE 4.
Zili binds to Smad4 and inhibits the interaction of Smad4 with Smad2/3. A–D were performed in 50%-epiboly embryos. A and B, zili suppressed endogenous association of Smad2/3 with Smad4 in embryos. TEL indicates total embryos lysate, which is consistently used in C. C, endogenous interaction between Zili and Smad4. D, subcellular localization of FLAG-Zili and colocalization of FLAG-Zili (green) and HA-Smad4 (red) in embryo cells. 4′,6′-diamino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) was used to identify nuclei. Scale bars, 10 μm. WB, Western blot; IP, immunoprecipitation.