Table 6.

The "absent migrant parents" children^a's self-concept between different levels of parental contact

Parental contact factors	Mean	SD	P value
How often the parents returned home
once every one month	53.98	10.80	< .001
once every 2-6 months	51.20	6.81
once every 7-12 months	37.18	10.18
Whether parents communicated with them frequently
Yes	50.27	10.66	< .001
No	33.78	9.48

NOTE: ^aN = 216