TABLE 3.
Relation between covariates and offspring adult BMI category (age 42 y)
| Offspring adult BMI (kg/m2) |
||||||
| n | <18.5 | ≥18.5 to <25 | ≥25 to <30 | ≥30 | P1 | |
| Total sample (%) | 2884 | 2 | 56 | 31 | 11 | |
| Maternal characteristics | ||||||
| Age (y) | 2875 | 28.2 ± 7.92 | 26.7 ± 6.6 | 26.3 ± 6.5 | 25.4 ± 6.2 | 0.004 |
| Maternal BMI (kg/m2) | 2677 | 20.5 ± 2.0 | 21.4 ± 2.7 | 21.8 ± 2.8 | 23.1 ± 3.6 | <0.001 |
| Gestational weight gain (kg) | 1800 | 10.4 ± 3.9 | 11.4 ± 3.5 | 11.6 ± 3.6 | 11.9 ± 3.5 | 0.067 |
| Social status at birth (1- to 8-point scale) | 2750 | 4.53 ± 1.99 | 4.36 ± 1.88 | 4.09 ± 1.78 | 3.56 ± 1.56 | <0.001 |
| Breadwinner's education (1- to 4-point scale) | 2695 | 2.43 ± 0.65 | 2.51 ± 0.73 | 2.41 ± 0.68 | 2.25 ± 0.58 | <0.001 |
| Single mother (%) | 2860 | 17 | 28 | 31 | 34 | 0.041 |
| Smoking in pregnancy (%) | 2834 | 61 | 50 | 50 | 55 | 0.158 |
| Infant characteristics | ||||||
| Preterm (%)3 | 2350 | 19 | 17 | 20 | 19 | 0.363 |
| Birth weight (g) | 2842 | 2974 ± 537 | 3222 ± 563 | 3255 ± 582 | 3294 ± 586 | 0.002 |
| Duration of breastfeeding (mo) | 2884 | 2.32 ± 2.0 | 3.24 ± 2.90 | 2.97 ± 2.80 | 2.73 ± 2.58 | <0.001 |
| Timing of spoon-feeding (mo) | 2884 | 3.70 ± 1.26 | 3.85 ± 1.52 | 3.75 ± 1.42 | 3.64 ± 1.40 | 0.082 |
1
ANOVA, chi-square test, or Kruskal-Wallis test.
2
Mean ± SD (all such values).
3
Born at gestational week ≤37 as explained in Subjects and Methods.