Table 1.
Comparison of baseline characteristics between men and women
| Men (n = 2,000) | Women (n = 2,000) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 72.3 ± 5.0 | 72.5 ± 5.3 | 0.26 |
| Body weight, kg | 62.4 ± 9.3 | 54.5 ± 8.4 | <0.001 |
| Body mass index | 23.4 ± 3.1 | 23.9 ± 3.4 | <0.001 |
| Ex- or current smokers, % | 63.8 | 9.5 | <0.001 |
| Years of education, % | <0.001 | ||
| 0years | 5.2 | 37.7 | |
| 1–6 years | 55.2 | 45.2 | |
| 7–12years | 26.1 | 11.3 | |
| >12 years | 13.6 | 6.0 | |
| PASEscore | 97.2 ± 50.2 | 85.3 ± 33.1 | <0.001 |
| CSI-D cognitive score =28.40, % | 4.9 | 25.3 | <0.001 |
| MMSEscore | 26.9 ± 2.7 | 24.2 ± 3.9 | <0.001 |
| Whole-body muscle mass, kg | 44.2 ± 5.4 | 33.83 ± 4.1 | <0.001 |
| ASM, kg | 19.1 ± 2.6 | 13.81 ± 1.9 | <0.001 |
| Arthritis,% | 24.3 | 21.8 | 0.067 |
| Diabetes mellitus, % | 14.7 | 14.3 | 0.753 |
| Stroke,% | 5.5 | 3.3 | 0.001 |
| Heart disease, % | 18.3 | 16.5 | 0.102 |
Values are expressed as means ± standard deviation or percentages. MMSE = Mini-Mental State Examination. Statistical comparison was made by unpaired Student t test for continuous variables and χ2 test for categorical variables.