Table 3.
Comparison of changes in risk behaviour and biological risk factors between intervention and control patients at 4 months and one year who completed one year assessments
| Variable | 4 months
|
12 months
|
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline mean (No) | Change from baseline (95% CI) | % change | Difference in change (95% CI) | Baseline mean (No) | Change from baseline (95% CI) | % change | Difference in change (95% CI) | ||
| Cigarettes per day | |||||||||
| Intervention | 20.9 (37) | 7.1 (4.8 to 9.4) | 34.0 | 5.3 (2.9 to 7.7) | 20.8 (40) | 8.0 (3.7 to 12.1) | 38.5 | 5.2 (1.1 to 9.3) | |
| Control | 16.3 (129) | 1.8 (0.6 to 3.1) | 11.0 | 15.3 (145) | 2.7 (1.4 to 4.1) | 17.6 | |||
| Fat score* | |||||||||
| Intervention | 30.6 (152) | 8.3 (5.5 to 11.1) | 27.1 | 5.7 (2.6 to 8.8) | 30.5 (152) | 7.1 (4.7 to 9.4) | 23.3 | 2.8 (0.1 to 5.5) | |
| Control | 27.6 (319) | 2.6 (0.8 to 4.5) | 9.4 | 28.2 (319) | 4.3 (2.5 to 6.0) | 15.2 | |||
| Exercise (No of sessions)† | |||||||||
| Intervention | 4.9 (153) | 8.3 (6.5 to 10.1) | 169 | 4.7 (2.0 to 7.5) | 5.56 (167) | 8.2 (6.7 to 9.6) | 146 | 3.9 (1.0 to 6.8) | |
| Control | 5.6 (320) | 3.6 (1.3 to 5.9) | 64.2 | 4.82 (344) | 4.3 (1.5 to 7.1) | 88.8 | |||
| Total serum cholesterol concentration (mmol/l)‡ | |||||||||
| Intervention | — | — | — | — | 6.61 (164) | 0.31 (0.21 to 0.46) | 5.1 | −0.02 (−0.21 to 0.17) | |
| Control | — | — | — | 6.20 (334) | 0.33 (0.15 to 0.48) | 5.1 | |||
| Body mass index | |||||||||
| Intervention | 28.5 (153) | 0.38 (0.1 to 0.7) | 1.3 | 0.13 (−0.18 to 0.44) | 28.4 (168) | 0.23 (−0.12 to 0.6) | 0.8 | 0.16 (−0.22 to 0.54) | |
| Control | 28.1 (319) | 0.25 (0.06 to 0.4) | 0.9 | 28.1 (350) | 0.07 (−0.14 to 0.3) | 0.2 | |||
| Body weight (kg) | |||||||||
| Intervention | 80.0 (153) | 1.1 (0.5 to 1.8) | 1.3 | 0.6 (−0.3 to 1.4) | 80.3 (168) | 0.6 (−0.4 to 1.6) | 0.7 | 0.4 (−0.7 to 1.5) | |
| Control | 79.2 (320) | 0.6 (−0.1 to 1.2) | 0.7 | 79.6 (350) | 0.2 (−0.4 to 0.8) | 0.3 | |||
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)§ | |||||||||
| Intervention | 136.5 (153) | 3.5 (1.4 to 5.3) | 2.6 | 3.2 (0.4 to 6.0) | 135.4 (165) | 4.3 (2.3 to 7.0) | 3.2 | 2.8 (−0.3 to 5.9) | |
| Control | 129.0 (320) | 0.3 (−2.0 to 2.5) | 0.2 | 128.9 (339) | 1.8 (−0.5 to 4.1) | 1.4 | |||
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)§ | |||||||||
| Intervention | 82.8 (153) | 1.4 (−0.1 to 2.9) | 1.7 | 0.7 (−1.9 to 2.7) | 82.4 (165) | 0.7 (−1.6 to 3.1) | 0.9 | −0.3 (−2.6 to 2.1) | |
| Control | 79.5 (320) | 0.7 (0.9 to 2.2) | 0.9 | 79.2 (338) | 1.0 (−.01 to 2.0) | 1.3 | |||
| Smoking prevalence | |||||||||
| Intervention | 24.2 (153)¶ | 21.7 (3.7 to 39.5)** | 12.5 (−5.2 to 30.1)†† | 23.7 (169)¶ | 25.0 (6.0 to 44.0)** | 9.4 (−9.6 to 28.3)†† | |||
| Control | 40.9 (320)¶ | 9.1 (2.6 to 15.7)** | 42.2 (351)¶ | 15.6 (8.1 to 23.2)** | |||||
Positive scores indicate favourable changes—for example, reduced body mass index, increased exercise.
*
Dietary instrument for nutritional education.22 †Episodes of vigorous or moderate activity in past 4 weeks. ‡Patients taking lipid lowering drugs excluded.
§
Patients taking antihypertensive drugs excluded. ¶Baseline prevalence. **Smoking quit rate. ††Difference in quit rate.