Figure 6.

Membrane permeability test by LDH assay to demonstrate the effects of acrolein and chitosan nanoparticles post-treatment. LDH release was measured 3 hr after exposure to 100 μM acrolein followed by post-treatment with various chitosan nanoparticles. Chitosan nanoparticles were demonstrated to be capable of restoring plasma membrane integrity, regardless of the presence of hydralazine. Results are expressed as percent control values ± SD (n = 5). One-way paired ANOVA and Post Hoc Newman Keul's test were used for statistical analysis. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.