Table 1.
Study population demographic and clinical characteristics by gender
| Male (n = 2,955, 45.7%) | Female (n = 3,508, 54.3%) | Total (n = 6,527) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age in years (mean, SD) | 63.0 (13.2) | 66.3 (13.9) (p < 0.001) | 64.7 (13.7) |
| Age groups (%) | (p < 0.001) | ||
| 18-34 years | 1.9% | 1.2% | 1.5% |
| 35-44 years | 6.6% | 5.0% | 5.7% |
| 45-54 years | 17.9% | 14.8% | 16.2% |
| 55-64 years | 27.4% | 24.3% | 25.7% |
| 65-74 years | 25.5% | 23.9% | 24.6% |
| >74 years | 20.7% | 30.9% | 26.2% |
| Racial/ethnic background (%) | (p < 0.01) | ||
| Caucasian | 48.0% | 45.6% | 46.7% |
| African-American | 11.9% | 14.9% | 13.5% |
| Hispanic | 6.1% | 5.5% | 5.8% |
| Unknown/not documented | 34.0% | 34.0% | 34.0% |
| BMI (kg/m2 mean, SD) | 31.0 (6.3) | 30.7 (7.5) (p = 0.06) | 30.9 (7.0) |
| Current smokers (%) | 13.5% | 9.2% (p < 0.001) | 11.2% |
| Prescribed lifestyle modifications to control BP (%) | 61.7% | 59.2% (p < 0.05) | 60.3% |
| Co-morbid cardiovascular-related conditions (%) | |||
| Obesity (%) | 49.8% | 47.7% (p=NS) | 48.7% |
| Diabetes | 28.0% | 23.0% (p < 0.001) | 25.3% |
| Dyslipidemia | 65.3% | 56.8% (p < 0.001) | 60.7% |
| Congestive Heart Failure | 4.0% | 4.9% (p = 0.081) | 4.5% |
| CAD without MI | 17.2% | 11.8% (p < 0.001) | 14.3% |
| CVA/TIA/carotid stenosis | 5.2% | 4.7% (p=NS) | 5.0% |
| Myocardial Infarction | 2.9% | 2.1% (p = 0.039) | 2.5% |
| Renal disease/insufficiency | 7.8% | 7.4% (p=NS) | 7.6% |
| SBP- most recent measurement in mmHg (mean, SD) | 132.0 (16.8) | 132.8 (16.9) (p = 0.049) | 132.5 (16.9) |
| DBP- prior measurement in mmHg (mean, SD) | 78.7 (11.1) | 77.2 (10.6) (p < 0.001) | 77.9 (10.9) |
| Physician Specialty | (p = 0.027) | ||
| Family Practice | 35.9% | 37.8% | 36.9% |
| Internal Medicine | 46.4% | 47.3% | 46.9% |
| Cardiology | 16.6% | 14.0% | 15.2% |
| Other | 1.1% | 1.0% | 1.0% |
| Total # of medications for all chronic conditions (mean, SD) | 5.3 (3.4) | 5.9 (3.7) (p < 0.001) | 5.6 (3.6) |
| Total # of antihypertensive medication classes in regimen | 1.9 (1.1) | 2.0 (1.1) (p=NS) | 2.0 (1.1) |
| Antihypertensive medication use by class (%) | |||
| ACE inhibitor | 44.9% | 34.5% (p < 0.001) | 39.3% |
| ARB | 25.6% | 29.7% (p < 0.001) | 27.8% |
| BB | 36.5% | 36.7% (p=NS) | 36.7% |
| CCB | 27.6% | 29.4% (p=NS) | 28.6% |
| Any diuretic | 43.4% | 52.1% (p < 0.001) | 48.1% |