Table 3.
Mean ± SD kinematics of the first protective step as a function of age group, slip outcome, and as related to the odds of falling.
| Variable | Young | Older | Odds Ratio | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Recover (n = 31) |
Fall:Step (n = 11) |
Recover (n = 8) |
Fall:Step (n = 18) |
For Falling a |
||
| Onset to Step Init b | (ms) | 287 ±122 | 314 ± 94 | 291 ± 62 | 320 ± 87 | 0.70 |
| Descent to Step Init b | (ms) | 2 ± 77 | 70 ± 82 d | −56 ± 107 c | −13 ± 94 c,d | 0.65 |
| Step Duration | (ms) | 104 ± 36 | 117 ± 38 | 122 ± 28 | 97 ± 39 | 1.09 |
| Step Length | (%bh) | 12.5 ± 6.5 | 10.6 ± 6.6 d | 11.9 ± 4.8 | 5.6 ± 4.0 d | 2.36 e |
Onset = slip onset; Descent = start of hip descent; Step Init= step initiation; bh = body height.
a
Factor by which the odds of falling change for a decrease of 1 SD in the variable across all subjects.
b
Step initiation could not be identified in 1 Young Recover, 1 Young Fall:Step,and 3 Older Fall:Step subjects.
c
p < .01 vs. Young (main effect of age group).
d
p < .05 vs. Recover (main effect of slip outcome).
e
p < .01 for Odds Ratio ≠ 1.